Proto-Koreanic

Proto-language (reconstructed) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyProto-language (reconstructed) SpeakersExtinct (hypothetical) ScriptNone / reconstructed CountriesKorean peninsula (hypothetical) Official inNone Vitalityextinct

Proto-Koreanic is the reconstructed ancestor of the Koreanic family — Korean and its historical stages, with Jeju as a divergent variety. It is placed on the Korean peninsula from roughly the 1st century BCE to the 7th century CE (the emergence of Old Korean). Koreanic has a shallow attested depth, so the reconstruction stays close to Old and Middle Korean.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Proto-Koreanic

Water

*mɨr

/mɨr/

Fire

*pɨr

/pɨr/

Sun

*hʌy

/hʌy/

Moon

*tʌr

/tʌr/

Star

*pyər

/pyər/

Mother

*emi

/emi/

Father

*api

/api/

I

*na

/na/

You

*ne

/ne/

Name

/—/

Eye

*nun

/nun/

Hand

*son

/son/

Heart

*mʌzʌm

/mʌzʌm/

Love

/—/

Tree

*namʌk

/namʌk/

House

/—/

Dog

/—/

Cat

/—/

Eat

*mek-

/mek-/

Drink

/—/

One

*hʌnah

/hʌnah/

Two

*tur

/tur/

Hello

/—/

Thank you

/—/

Good

/—/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Proto-language (reconstructed) languages

Meaning Proto-KoreanicGoryeo KoreanOld Korean (Silla)Middle KoreanUmbrianProto-Japonic-KoreanicKorean (Early Modern)
Water *mɨr /mɨr/ /*mwol/ /*muɾ/ /mɯl/ utur /ˈu.tur/ /—/ /mɯl/
Fire *pɨr /pɨr/ /*pwol/ /*puɾ/ /pɯl/ pir /pir/ /—/ /pɯl/
Sun *hʌy /hʌy/ /*hʌi/ /*hai/ ·ᄒᆡ /hʌj/ /—/ /—/ ᄒᆡ /hʌj/
Moon *tʌr /tʌr/ /*tʌl/ 月羅理 /*tʌrari/ ᄃᆞᆯ /tʌl/ /—/ /—/ /tal/
Star *pyər /pyər/ /—/ /—/ /pjəl/ /—/ /—/ /pjəl/
Mother *emi /emi/ 丫彌 /*emi/ 母史 /*əzi/ 어미 /ʌmi/ matrer /ˈma.trer/ *əma /əma/ 어미 /ʌmi/
Father *api /api/ 丫秘 /*api/ /*api/ 아비 /abi/ patre /ˈpa.tre/ *əpa /əpa/ 아비 /abi/
I *na /na/ /—/ /*na/ /na/ /—/ /—/ /na/
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