кърыцӀаз кьеланджи

Kryts

Northeast Caucasian (Lezgic, Shahdagh)

FamilyNortheast Caucasian (Lezgic, Shahdagh) Speakers~9K ScriptCyrillic (scholarly transcription); largely unwritten in community use CountriesAzerbaijan (Quba Rayon — Khryz, Jek, Haput, Yergüj, Alik villages) Official inNo (Azerbaijani is sole state language) ISO 639-3kry Glottocodekryt1240

Kryts (Kryz) is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Lezgic branch (Shahdagh subgroup, sister to Budukh), spoken by approximately 9,000 people in five villages of Quba Rayon in northeastern Azerbaijan (Khryz, Jek, Haput, Yergüj, Alik), with diaspora communities resettled on the Caspian lowland plains. It is typologically remarkable for its system of nine noun (gender) classes — among the largest of any Lezgic language and reflecting an archaic Proto-Lezgic state — combined with ergative-absolutive alignment, a rich set of locative cases, and class agreement triggered on the verb. Authier's (2009) Grammaire kryz, based on the Alik dialect, remains the standard reference. The language has no community orthography and is unwritten in everyday use; education is in Azerbaijani, and intergenerational transmission is weakening, with Ethnologue rating it 6b (Threatened).

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Kryts

Water

xed

/xed/

Fire

ts'a

/t͡sʼa/

Sun

vïrïğ

/vɨrɨʁ/

Moon

vats

/vat͡s/

Mother

dada

/dada/

Father

buba

/buba/

Eat

ulkura

/ulˈkura/

Drink

hatsra

/hat͡sˈra/

Love

mukan

/muˈkan/

Heart

rikʼ

/rikʼ/

Tree

xer

/xer/

House

xal

/xal/

Dog

xveqʼ

/χveqʼ/

Cat

/—/

Hand

kul

/kul/

Eye

ul

/ul/

Hello

/—/

Thank you

/—/

One

sa

/sa/

Good

yiğin

/jiˈʁin/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Northeast Caucasian (Lezgic, Shahdagh) languages

Meaning KrytsBudukhCaucasian AlbanianKhinalugRutulLezgianTabasaran
Water xed /xed/ хьед /ħed/ xe /xe/ хьу /xu/ хьед /ħed/ яд /jad/ штар /ʃtar/
Fire ts'a /t͡sʼa/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ ow /oʊ/ чIаь /tʃʼæ/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏа /tsʼa/
Sun vïrïğ /vɨrɨʁ/ рагъ /raʁ/ beɣ /beɣ/ ынкь /ɨnqʼ/ варагъ /waraʁ/ рагъ /raʁ/ рагъ /raʁ/
Moon vats /vat͡s/ ваз /vaz/ ḳac̣ḳac̣ /kʼat͡sʼkʼat͡sʼ/ вацI /vatsʼ/ ваз /waz/ варз /varz/ варз /varz/
Mother dada /dada/ баб /bab/ nana /nana/ /—/ нин /nin/ диде /dide/ бай /baj/
Father buba /buba/ дада /dada/ baba /baba/ /—/ дид /did/ буба /buba/ дад /dad/
Eat ulkura /ulˈkura/ ухьун /uħun/ ows- /us/ кьанды /qʼandæ/ ухьун /uħun/ тӏуьн /tʼyn/ ипӏуб /ipʼub/
Drink hatsra /hat͡sˈra/ эджи /edʒi/ owɣ- /uɣ/ цуври /tsʰuvri/ эджин /edʒin/ хъун /qun/ ужуб /uʒub/
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