Qaraqalpaqsha

Karakalpak

Turkic (Kipchak)

FamilyTurkic (Kipchak) Speakers~600K ScriptLatin (since 1996 reform); Cyrillic in legacy use CountriesUzbekistan (Karakalpakstan) Official inKarakalpakstan (autonomous republic of Uzbekistan) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3kaa

Karakalpak (Қарақалпақша Qaraqalpaqsha) is a Kipchak Turkic language of the Aral Region with ~600K speakers, the official language of the Karakalpakstan Autonomous Republic within Uzbekistan. Linguistically intermediate between Kazakh and Uzbek, it is closer to Kazakh in structure but heavily influenced by Uzbek. Officially shifted from Cyrillic to Latin in a 1996 reform alongside Uzbek, with the transition still ongoing. The Karakalpak homeland has been devastated by the Aral Sea ecological catastrophe since the 1960s, causing massive emigration. The 2022 Karakalpakstan unrest highlighted ongoing autonomy tensions.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Karakalpak

Water

suw

/suw/

Fire

ot

/ot/

Sun

kún

/kyn/

Moon

ay

/aj/

Mother

ana

/ana/

Father

ata

/ata/

Eat

jew

/ʒew/

Drink

ishiw

/iʃiw/

Love

muhabbat

/muhabbat/

Heart

júrek

/ʒyɾek/

Tree

ag'ash

/aʁaʃ/

House

úy

/yj/

Dog

iyt

/ijt/

Cat

pishik

/piʃik/

Hand

qol

/qol/

Eye

kóz

/køz/

Hello

salam

/salam/

Thank you

rahmet

/ɾaχmet/

One

bir

/biɾ/

Good

jaqsi

/ʒaqsɯ/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Turkic (Kipchak) languages

Meaning KarakalpakKarachay-BalkarKazakhKarakhanidNogaiKumykAltai
Water suw /suw/ суу /suw/ су /suw/ suw /suw/ сув /suv/ сув /suv/ суу /suː/
Fire ot /ot/ от /ot/ от /ot/ ot /ot/ от /ot/ от /ot/ от /ot/
Sun kún /kyn/ кюн /kyn/ күн /kyn/ kün /kyn/ күн /kyn/ гюн /ɡyn/ кӱн /kyn/
Moon ay /aj/ ай /aj/ ай /ɑj/ ay /aj/ ай /aj/ ай /aj/ ай /aj/
Mother ana /ana/ ана /ana/ ана /ɑnɑ/ ana /ana/ ана /ana/ ана /ana/ эне /ene/
Father ata /ata/ ата /ata/ әке /æke/ ata /ata/ атай /ataj/ ата /ata/ ада /ada/
Eat jew /ʒew/ ашаргъа /aʃarʁa/ жеу /ʒew/ yi- /ji/ аш /aʃ/ ашамакъ /aʃamaq/ јиир /dʒiːr/
Drink ishiw /iʃiw/ ичерге /itʃerɡe/ ішу /ɪʃuw/ ič- /itʃ/ иш /iʃ/ ичмек /itʃmek/ ичер /itʃer/
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