къарачай-малкъар тил
Karachay-Balkar
Turkic (Kipchak, Caucasus)
Karachay-Balkar is a Kipchak Turkic language spoken in the central North Caucasus by two ethnic communities (Karachays in Karachay-Cherkessia, Balkars in Kabardino-Balkaria) — though geographically separated by the deportations of 1943-44, they share a unified literary standard. ~310K speakers. Both groups suffered Stalin's 1943-44 mass exile to Central Asia (rehabilitated 1957). Cyrillic-based orthography since 1937 (earlier Arabic, then Latin 1928-37). Co-official in both republics with Russian.
Where it is spoken
20 core words in Karachay-Balkar
Water
суу
/suw/
Fire
от
/ot/
Sun
кюн
/kyn/
Moon
ай
/aj/
Mother
ана
/ana/
Father
ата
/ata/
Eat
ашаргъа
/aʃarʁa/
Drink
ичерге
/itʃerɡe/
Love
сюймеклик
/syjmeklik/
Heart
джюрек
/dʒyrek/
Tree
терек
/terek/
House
юй
/yj/
Dog
ит
/it/
Cat
киштик
/kiʃtik/
Hand
къол
/qol/
Eye
кёз
/køz/
Hello
салам
/salam/
Thank you
сау бол
/saw bol/
One
бир
/bir/
Good
ариу
/ariw/
Sources
Words compared
Compared with related Turkic (Kipchak, Caucasus) languages
| Meaning | Karachay-Balkar | Kumyk | Nogai | Karakalpak | Karakhanid | South Azerbaijani | Crimean Tatar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | суу /suw/ | сув /suv/ | сув /suv/ | suw /suw/ | suw /suw/ | سو /su/ | suv /suv/ |
| Fire | от /ot/ | от /ot/ | от /ot/ | ot /ot/ | ot /ot/ | اوْد /od/ | ateş /ateʃ/ |
| Sun | кюн /kyn/ | гюн /ɡyn/ | күн /kyn/ | kún /kyn/ | kün /kyn/ | گۆنش /ɡyneʃ/ | küneş /kyneʃ/ |
| Moon | ай /aj/ | ай /aj/ | ай /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ay /aj/ | آی /aj/ | ay /aj/ |
| Mother | ана /ana/ | ана /ana/ | ана /ana/ | ana /ana/ | ana /ana/ | آنا /ana/ | ana /ana/ |
| Father | ата /ata/ | ата /ata/ | атай /ataj/ | ata /ata/ | ata /ata/ | آتا /ata/ | baba /baba/ |
| Eat | ашаргъа /aʃarʁa/ | ашамакъ /aʃamaq/ | аш /aʃ/ | jew /ʒew/ | yi- /ji/ | یئمک /jemæk/ | aşamaq /aʃamaq/ |
| Drink | ичерге /itʃerɡe/ | ичмек /itʃmek/ | иш /iʃ/ | ishiw /iʃiw/ | ič- /itʃ/ | ایچمک /itʃmæk/ | içmek /itʃmek/ |
| Love | сюймеклик /syjmeklik/ | сюйюв /syjyv/ | суьюв /syjyv/ | muhabbat /muhabbat/ | sevgü /sevɡy/ | سئوگی /sevɡi/ | sevgi /sevɡi/ |
| Heart | джюрек /dʒyrek/ | юрек /jyrek/ | юрек /jyrek/ | júrek /ʒyɾek/ | yürek /jyrek/ | اۆرک /yræk/ | yürek /jyrek/ |
| Tree | терек /terek/ | терек /terek/ | терек /terek/ | ag'ash /aʁaʃ/ | ığač /ɯɣatʃ/ | آغاج /ɑɣɑdʒ/ | terek /terek/ |
| House | юй /yj/ | уьй /yj/ | уьй /yj/ | úy /yj/ | ev /ev/ | ائو /ev/ | ev /ev/ |
| Dog | ит /it/ | ит /it/ | ит /it/ | iyt /ijt/ | it /it/ | ایت /it/ | köpek /køpek/ |
| Cat | киштик /kiʃtik/ | мишик /miʃik/ | мысык /məsəq/ | pishik /piʃik/ | piši /piʃi/ | پیشیک /piʃik/ | mışıq /mɯʃɯq/ |
| Hand | къол /qol/ | къол /qol/ | къол /qol/ | qol /qol/ | qol /qol/ | اَل /æl/ | el /el/ |
| Eye | кёз /køz/ | гёз /ɡøz/ | коьз /køz/ | kóz /køz/ | köz /køz/ | گؤز /ɡøz/ | köz /køz/ |
| Hello | салам /salam/ | ассаламу алейкум /asːalamu alejkum/ | ассаламу алейкум /asːalamu alejkum/ | salam /salam/ | salām /salaːm/ | سلام /sælam/ | selâm /selæm/ |
| Thank you | сау бол /saw bol/ | савбол /savbol/ | сав бол /sav bol/ | rahmet /ɾaχmet/ | tabug /tabuɡ/ | ساغ اول /saɣ ol/ | sağ ol /saɣ ol/ |
| One | бир /bir/ | бир /bir/ | бир /bir/ | bir /biɾ/ | bir /bir/ | بیر /bir/ | bir /bir/ |
| Good | ариу /ariw/ | яхшы /jaχʃə/ | яксы /jaksə/ | jaqsi /ʒaqsɯ/ | yaqšı /jaqʃɯ/ | یاخشی /jaxʃɯ/ | yahşı /jaχʃɯ/ |
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