ěrsū / 尔苏

Ersu

Sino-Tibetan (Qiangic)

FamilySino-Tibetan (Qiangic) Speakersapproximately 9,000-16,800 native speakers (2002-2015 estimates); endangered, status EGIDS ScriptErsu Shaba (pictographic, ~200 glyphs); Latin romanization; primarily Official inNot an official language. Speakers are officially classified as Tibetan ethnic group.

Data sources: Wikipedia (Ersu language; Ersu Shaba script), Ethnologue, Glottolog, Journal of the International Phonetic Association article by Chirkova et al. (2015), Endangered Languages Archive. Geographic center based on Ganluo County (primary Ersu-speaking region in Liangshan). Vocabulary data derived from limited accessible published sources; confidence MEDIUM-LOW due to difficulty accessing the comprehensive 5,000-entry Ersu-Chinese Dictionary in ELAR. IPA transcriptions represent Ersu hi [Provisional - limited documentation; readings pending native-speaker verification.]

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Ersu

Water

ḍẓó

/ɖʐó/

Fire

pʰù

/pʰù/

Sun

ȵo˥ma˥

/ɲɔ˥ma˥/

Moon

ȵo˥ma˥

/ɲɔ˥ma˥/

Mother

ɑmà

/ɑma/

Father

ɑpà

/ɑpa/

Eat

tʂʰə

/tʂʰə/

Drink

ɕə

/ɕə/

Love

ŋɑ́

/ŋɑ/

Heart

tʂʰɑ́

/tʂʰɑ/

Tree

ʂɑ˥

/ʂɑ˥/

House

kʰɔ

/kʰɔ/

Dog

ʈɽʰò

/ʈɽʰò/

Cat

bv̩

/bvə̃/

Hand

phɔ́

/pʰɔ/

Eye

mík

/mik/

Hello

ni

/ni/

Thank you

kʰa˩dʑí

/kʰa˩dʑi/

One

/tə/

Good

zə́

/zə/

Words compared

Compared with related Sino-Tibetan (Qiangic) languages

Meaning ErsuDrungAmdo TibetanSouthern QiangMruLadakhiClassical Tibetan
Water ḍẓó /ɖʐó/ ʃə /ʃə/ ཆུ་ /tʂʰu/ tʃʰu /tʃʰu/ o /ɔ/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/
Fire pʰù /pʰù/ məə /məː/ མེ་ /mɛ/ miː /miː/ mai wa /mɑɪ wɑ/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/
Sun ȵo˥ma˥ /ɲɔ˥ma˥/ /nɯ/ ཉི་མ་ /ɲəmɑ/ ɲit /ɲit/ thum /θum/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/
Moon ȵo˥ma˥ /ɲɔ˥ma˥/ məŋ /məŋ/ ཟླ་བ་ /dʐɑwɑ/ ʐwaː /ʐwaː/ la /lə/ ཟླ་བ /zlawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/
Mother ɑmà /ɑma/ ma /ma/ ཨ་མ་ /ɑ mɑ/ miː /miː/ au /əʔu/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/
Father ɑpà /ɑpa/ pa /pa/ ཕ་ /pʰɑ/ /pə/ pa /pə/ ཨ་པ /apa/ /pʰa/
Eat tʂʰə /tʂʰə/ ʃə /ʃə/ ཟ་ /zɑ/ tʃʰə /tʃʰə/ tsa /tsɑ/ /za/ བཟའ /za/
Drink ɕə /ɕə/ /pə/ ཐུང་ /tʰuŋ/ ʂu /ʂu/ kham /kʰɑm/ འཐུང /tʰuŋ/ འཐུང /tʰuŋ/
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