Southern Qiang

Sino-Tibetan (Qiangic)

FamilySino-Tibetan (Qiangic) Speakersapproximately 800-1500 speakers Scriptunwritten; typically romanized via pinyin or represented in Hanzi Official innot official; minority language status in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan

Data confidence: LOW (QXS is critically under-documented). Geographic coordinates (32.8°N, 103.6°E) place the center in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. Vocabulary items drawn from comparative Qiangic reconstruction and Northern Qiang (CND) cognates per LaPolla & Huang (2003) "A Grammar of Qiang" — direct Southern Qiang attestations are scarce in published sources. IPA reflects likely Qiangic phonological patterns (uvular/postalveolar affricates, aspirated st [Provisional - limited documentation; readings pending native-speaker verification.]

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Southern Qiang

Water

tʃʰu

/tʃʰu/

Fire

miː

/miː/

Sun

ɲit

/ɲit/

Moon

ʐwaː

/ʐwaː/

Mother

miː

/miː/

Father

/pə/

Eat

tʃʰə

/tʃʰə/

Drink

ʂu

/ʂu/

Love

pʰo

/pʰo/

Heart

ɲit

/ɲit/

Tree

tʃʰoː

/tʃʰoː/

House

kʰə

/kʰə/

Dog

kʰwe

/kʰwe/

Cat

maː

/maː/

Hand

kʰaː

/kʰaː/

Eye

mit

/mit/

Hello

niə

/niə/

Thank you

/—/

One

tʃʰik

/tʃʰik/

Good

kʰo

/kʰo/

Words compared

Compared with related Sino-Tibetan (Qiangic) languages

Meaning Southern QiangCentral BaiLhomiParauk WaSitu rGyalrongKhams TibetanBalti
Water tʃʰu /tʃʰu/ tshi /tʃʰɪ/ ཆུ་ /tɕʰu˥/ tʃɔː /tʃɔː/ tʃʰu /tʃʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/
Fire miː /miː/ me /me/ མེ་ /me˥/ miː /miː/ /mə/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/
Sun ɲit /ɲit/ nyi /ɲi/ ཉི་མ་ /ɲi˥ma˩/ waː /waː/ niʂ /niʂ/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/
Moon ʐwaː /ʐwaː/ thsi /tʰsɪ/ ཟླ་བ་ /dawa˩/ lɔː /lɔː/ zla /zlɑ/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/
Mother miː /miː/ me /me/ ཨ་མ་ /ʔama˩/ maː /maː/ ma /mɑ/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/
Father /pə/ phu /pʰu/ ཨ་པ་ /ʔapa˩/ pʰaː /pʰaː/ /pə/ ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/ ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/
Eat tʃʰə /tʃʰə/ tshje /tʃʰje/ ཟ་ /sa˩/ sɛː /sɛː/ mə-za /mə.zɑ/ /za/ /za/
Drink ʂu /ʂu/ phi /pʰɪ/ འཐུང་ /tʰuŋ˩/ /pə/ nə-tɕʰə-n /nə.tɕʰə.n/ འཐུང་ /tʰuŋ/ ཐུང་ /tʰuŋ/
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