ཨ་མདོའི་སྐད་

Amdo Tibetan

Sino-Tibetan (Bodish)

FamilySino-Tibetan (Bodish) Speakers~0.8–1.8M ScriptTibetan script (Uchen/dbu-can abugida, derived from Brahmi via Indian scripts) Official inLanguage of recognized nationality in China (PRC); used in education and media in Tibetan-majority areas; no official status outsi

Amdo Tibetan is a major Tibetic language cluster spoken by an estimated 0.8–1.8 million people across most of Qinghai and adjoining Tibetan areas of Gansu and Sichuan in western China. It comprises numerous regional varieties, including pastoral and agricultural dialects, and is commonly written in the traditional Tibetan script. Like other Tibetic languages, it generally has verb-final SOV word order and postpositions. Many Amdo varieties are non-tonal and preserve complex initial consonant clusters and voiced obstruents lost or restructured in Lhasa Tibetan, making their pronunciation comparatively conservative while their vocabulary and grammar remain internally diverse.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Amdo Tibetan

Water

ཆུ་

/tʂʰu/

Fire

མེ་

/mɛ/

Sun

ཉི་མ་

/ɲəmɑ/

Moon

ཟླ་བ་

/dʐɑwɑ/

Star

སྐར་མ

/hkarma/

Mother

ཨ་མ་

/ɑ mɑ/

Father

ཕ་

/pʰɑ/

I

/ŋa/

You

ཁྱོད

/tɕʰo/

Name

མིང

/mɪŋ/

Eye

མིག་

/mik/

Hand

ལག་པ་

/læɡ hɑ/

Heart

སེམས་

/sɛm/

Love

དགའ་

/ɡɑ/

Tree

ཤིང་

/ʂɪŋ/

House

ཁང་

/kʰɑŋ/

Dog

ཁྱི་ མོ་

/tʂʰə mɔ/

Cat

ཀུ་ཕ་

/kufa/

Eat

ཟ་

/zɑ/

Drink

ཐུང་

/tʰuŋ/

One

གཅིག་

/tʂik/

Two

གཉིས

/hɲi/

Hello

བདེ་མོ་

/bdeː mo/

Thank you

ཐུགས་རྗེ་ཆེ

/tʰoktɕe tɕʰe/

Good

ཡག་པོ་

/jɑkpɑ/

Words compared

Compared with related Sino-Tibetan (Bodish) languages

Meaning Amdo TibetanClassical TibetanLadakhiBaltiLiturgical Classical TibetanSherpaKhams Tibetan
Water ཆུ་ /tʂʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/
Fire མེ་ /mɛ/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/
Sun ཉི་མ་ /ɲəmɑ/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/
Moon ཟླ་བ་ /dʐɑwɑ/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/ ཟླ་བ /zlawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/
Star སྐར་མ /hkarma/ སྐར་མ /karma/ སྐར་མ /skarma/ སྐར་མ /skarma/ སྐར་མ /karma/ སྐར་མ /karma/ སྐར་མ /karma/
Mother ཨ་མ་ /ɑ mɑ/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/
Father ཕ་ /pʰɑ/ /pʰa/ ཨ་པ /apa/ ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/ ཡབ /jab/ ཨ་པ /apa/ ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/
I /ŋa/ /ŋa/ /ŋa/ /ŋa/ /ŋa/ /ŋa/ /ŋà/
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