Siksiká Iʼksistamiʼkssin

Blackfoot

Algonquian

FamilyAlgonquian Speakers~14–15K (L1 + L2) ScriptLatin (modern orthography developed by linguists with the community) Official inRecognized indigenous language in Alberta and Montana; no official status at provincial/state/federal level

Blackfoot (ISO 639-3: bla), known in the language as Siksikáí’powahsin or Niitsi’powahsin, is a Plains Algonquian language of the Blackfoot Confederacy. It is spoken among the Siksika, Kainai, and Piikani nations in southern Alberta, Canada, and the Blackfeet Nation in Montana, United States. The closely related regional varieties are Siksika, Kainai, Aapátohsipikani (Northern Piikani), and Aamsskáápipikani (Southern Piikani); language shift to English has left Blackfoot endangered, despite ongoing community revitalization and teaching. Blackfoot is polysynthetic, with complex verb morphology and relatively flexible word order, and a standardized Latin-based orthography adopted in Alberta in 1975 marks long sounds by doubling letters and includes a glottal-stop symbol.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Blackfoot

Water

aohkíí

/aoxkiː/

Fire

kówa

/koːwa/

Sun

naató'si

/naːtoʔsi/

Moon

kokómiksi

/kokoːmiksi/

Star

kakató'si

/kakatoʔsi/

Mother

nomó

/nomoː/

Father

apó

/apoː/

I

niistó

/niːsto/

You

kiistó

/kiːsto/

Name

inihka'sini

/inixkaʔsini/

Eye

istó

/istoː/

Hand

aksí

/aksiː/

Heart

/—/

Love

/—/

Tree

ohtá

/ohtaː/

House

mahkówa

/mahkoːwa/

Dog

imitáá

/imitaː/

Cat

pisimó

/pisimoː/

Eat

íta

/iːta/

Drink

oknáhsim

/oknaːhsim/

One

niʼtokska

/niʔtokska/

Two

naatoka

/naːtoka/

Hello

/—/

Thank you

/—/

Good

otstapé

/otstapeː/

Words compared

Compared with related Algonquian languages

Meaning BlackfootProto-RyukyuanBabuza (Favorlang)Proto-Kra-DaiHaidaMycenaean GreekGuugu Yimithirr
Water aohkíí /aoxkiː/ *midu /midu/ zalum /zalum/ *naːm /naːm/ xúu /χuː/ 𐀄𐀈 /hudɔːr/ buurraay /buːraːj/
Fire kówa /koːwa/ *pii /piː/ apoi /apoi/ *vɤj /vɤj/ guḵ /ɡuk̚/ 𐀢 /pyːr/ /—/
Sun naató'si /naːtoʔsi/ *teda /teda/ /—/ /—/ t'áaw /tʰɑːw/ 𐀀𐀸𐀪𐀍 /haːwelios/ ngalan /ŋalan/
Moon kokómiksi /kokoːmiksi/ *tuki /tuki/ zilias /siliəs/ /—/ x̱aad /χɑːt̚/ 𐀕 /mɛːn/ giitha /ɡiːt̪a/
Star kakató'si /kakatoʔsi/ *posi /posi/ botto /botːo/ /—/ k'aayhlt'áa /kʼaːjɬtʼáː/ 𐀀𐀳𐀫 /astɛːr/ biidhi /biːt̪i/
Mother nomó /nomoː/ *amma /amma/ tina /tina/ /—/ gúx̱ /ɡuχ/ 𐀔𐀳 /maːtɛːr/ ngamu /ŋamu/
Father apó /apoː/ *aja /aja/ tama /tama/ /—/ yan /jɑn/ 𐀞𐀳 /patɛːr/ biiba /biːba/
I niistó /niːsto/ *wa /wa/ ka-ina /kaina/ *kuː /kuː/ hláa /ɬaː/ 𐀁𐀒 /eɡɔː/ ngayu /ŋaju/
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