𐀀𐀐𐀊

Mycenaean Greek

Indo-European (Hellenic, pre-classical) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyIndo-European (Hellenic, pre-classical) SpeakersExtinct (~1450-1200 BCE) ScriptLinear B syllabary (~90 syllabic + 100+ ideograms) CountriesMycenaean Greece (Aegean) Official inBronze Age palace administrations Vitalityextinct ISO 639-3gmy

Mycenaean Greek is the earliest attested form of Greek, recorded in the Linear B syllabary on Bronze Age clay tablets at Knossos, Pylos, Mycenae, and other palace sites. Its decipherment by Michael Ventris in 1952 proved that Greek-speakers were already in Greece in the Bronze Age. Vocabulary attested in Linear B is mostly administrative; many basic words must be reconstructed via Classical Greek.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Mycenaean Greek

Water

𐀄𐀈

/hudɔːr/

Fire

𐀢

/pyːr/

Sun

𐀀𐀸𐀪𐀍

/haːwelios/

Moon

𐀕

/mɛːn/

Star

𐀀𐀳𐀫

/astɛːr/

Mother

𐀔𐀳

/maːtɛːr/

Father

𐀞𐀳

/patɛːr/

I

𐀁𐀒

/eɡɔː/

You

𐀶

/tuː/

Name

𐀃𐀜𐀔

/onoma/

Eye

/—/

Hand

𐀐𐀁

/kʰɛːr/

Heart

/—/

Love

𐀠𐀫

/pʰilos/

Tree

𐀈𐀬

/doru/

House

𐀺𐀂𐀒

/woikos/

Dog

𐀓𐀺

/kuwɔːn/

Cat

/—/

Eat

𐀁𐀈𐀕𐀙

/edmenai/

Drink

𐀡𐀜

/piːnɔː/

One

𐀁

/hen/

Two

𐀉𐀺

/duwoː/

Hello

/—/

Thank you

/—/

Good

𐀀𐀏𐀳

/aɡatʰos/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European (Hellenic, pre-classical) languages

Meaning Mycenaean GreekGreek (Ancient)OscanProto-Indo-EuropeanAvestanUmbrianHittite
Water 𐀄𐀈 /hudɔːr/ ὕδωρ /hýdɔːr/ /—/ *wódr̥ /wódr̩/ 𐬁𐬞 /aːp/ utur /ˈu.tur/ 𒉿𒀀𒋻 /waːtar/
Fire 𐀢 /pyːr/ πῦρ /pŷːr/ /—/ *péh₂wr̥ /péh₂wr̩/ 𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 /aːtar/ pir /pir/ 𒉺𒄩𒄴𒄯 /paxːur/
Sun 𐀀𐀸𐀪𐀍 /haːwelios/ ἥλιος /hɛ́ːlios/ /—/ *sóh₂wl̥ /sóh₂wl̩/ 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 /huwarə/ /—/ /—/
Moon 𐀕 /mɛːn/ σελήνη /selɛ́ːnɛː/ /—/ *méh₁not /méh₁not/ 𐬨𐬁𐬵 /maːh/ /—/ 𒀀𒅈𒈠 /arma/
Star 𐀀𐀳𐀫 /astɛːr/ ἀστήρ /astɛ̌ːr/ /—/ *h₂stḗr /hˈsteːr/ 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭 /star/ /—/ 𒄩𒀸𒋼𒅕 /xaster/
Mother 𐀔𐀳 /maːtɛːr/ μήτηρ /mɛ́ːtɛːr/ maatúf /maːtof/ *méh₂tēr /méh₂teːr/ 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 /maːtar/ matrer /ˈma.trer/ 𒀭𒈾 /anːa/
Father 𐀞𐀳 /patɛːr/ πατήρ /patɛ́ːr/ patír /patiːr/ *ph₂tḗr /ph₂téːr/ 𐬞𐬌𐬙𐬀𐬭 /pitar/ patre /ˈpa.tre/ 𒀜𒋫 /atːa/
I 𐀁𐀒 /eɡɔː/ ἐγώ /eɡɔ̌ː/ egom /egom/ *éǵh₂om /ˈeɡʲhom/ 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 /azəm/ /—/ 𒌑𒊌 /uːk/
Page 1/4

Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.