Numu
Kipaiute cha Kaskazini
Kiuto-Azteki (Kinumik, magharibi)
Kipaiute cha Kaskazini (Numu "watu") ni lugha ya Kinumiki cha Magharibi ya Bonde Kuu (Great Basin), inayozungumzwa kutoka mashariki mwa Oregon kupitia Nevada hadi California na Idaho. Ina upatanifu wa irabu, kuondoa sauti katika sifa za mwisho, na mfumo tata wa mabadiliko ya konsonanti za mwisho wa shina (gradation) yanayochochewa na nomino au kiambishi awali kinachotangulia.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 31 ya msingi katika Kipaiute cha Kaskazini
Maji
paa
/paː/
Moto
kuna
/kuna/
Jua
tabe
/tape/
Mwezi
mua
/mu.a/
Nyota
pasohoobʉ
/pasohoːbɨ/
Mama
pia
/pi.a/
Baba
naa
/naː/
Mimi
nʉʉ
/nɨː/
Wewe
ʉʉ
/ɨː/
Jina
nia
/niʔa/
Jicho
pui
/pui/
Mkono
mai
/mai/
Moyo
piwi
/piwi/
Upendo
suabetɨ
/suapetɨ/
Mti
hupi
/hupi/
Nyumba
nobi
/nopi/
Mbwa
isha
/iʃa/
Paka
mosa
/mosa/
Kula
tɨka
/tɨka/
Kunywa
hibi
/hipi/
Moja
simɨ
/simɨ/
Mbili
waha
/waha/
Habari
maikwa
/maikwa/
Asante
pesa
/pesa/
Nzuri
pesa
/pesa/
Kekeo
poboyooha'a
/poboˈjoːhaʔa/
Vyanzo
- Snapp, Allen, John Anderson & Joy Anderson (1982) Northern Paiute. In: Studies in Uto-Aztecan Grammar 3, SIL/UTA, pp. 1-92.
- Thornes, Tim (2003) A Northern Paiute Grammar with Texts. PhD diss., University of Oregon.
- Yerington Paiute Tribe (1987) Numu Yadooape: Northern Paiute Language Dictionary.
- Glottolog: Northern Paiute
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Uto-Aztecan (Numic, Western) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kipaiute cha Kaskazini | Kkomanche | Kiwixarika | Kitarahumara | Kicora | Proto-Uto-Azteki | Kisakizaya |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | paa /paː/ | paa /paː/ | ha /ha/ | bawí /bawi/ | hapɨn /hapɨn/ | *paʔ /paʔ/ | nanum /nanum/ |
| Moto | kuna /kuna/ | kohtopʉ /kohtopɨ/ | tai /tai/ | nahí /nahi/ | ta'ai /taʔai/ | *na- /na-/ | lamal /lamal/ |
| Jua | tabe /tape/ | taabe /taːbe/ | tau /tau/ | rayó /ɾajo/ | tahaapuá /tahaːpwa/ | *ta /ta/ | cidal /tʃidal/ |
| Mwezi | mua /mu.a/ | mʉa /mɨa/ | metsa /metsa/ | mecá /metʃa/ | mɨhka /mɨhka/ | *mɨca /mɨca/ | bulad /bulad/ |
| Nyota | pasohoobʉ /pasohoːbɨ/ | tatsinuupi /tatsinuːpi/ | xurawe /ʃuˈrawe/ | sopolí /sopoli/ | sɨɨrabe /sɨːˈrabe/ | — /—/ | bo'is /boʔis/ |
| Mama | pia /pi.a/ | pia /pia/ | nana /nana/ | iyé /ije/ | naana /naːna/ | — /—/ | ina /ina/ |
| Baba | naa /naː/ | ahpʉ /ahpɨ/ | yawe /jawe/ | onó /ono/ | hahuá /hahwa/ | — /—/ | ama /ama/ |
| Mimi | nʉʉ /nɨː/ | nʉ /nɨ/ | nee /neː/ | nejé /nehe/ | neʼu /ˈneʔu/ | *nɨ /nɨ/ | zaku /ʐaku/ |
| Wewe | ʉʉ /ɨː/ | ʉ /ɨ/ | eekɨ /ˈeːkɨ/ | mujé /muhe/ | aʼu /ˈaʔu/ | — /—/ | kisu /kisu/ |
| Jina | nia /niʔa/ | nahnia /nahnia/ | tewa /ˈtewa/ | riwá /ɾiwa/ | yeuwa /ˈjeuwa/ | *tewa /tewa/ | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ |
| Jicho | pui /pui/ | puui /puːi/ | tukite /tukite/ | pusí /pusi/ | húi /hwi/ | *pusi /pusi/ | mata /mata/ |
| Mkono | mai /mai/ | mo'o /moʔo/ | mama /mama/ | sekuá /sekwa/ | mam /mam/ | *maʔ /maʔ/ | kamay /kamai/ |
| Moyo | piwi /piwi/ | — /—/ | iyari /ijari/ | surí /suɾi/ | hɨurí /hɨuri/ | — /—/ | gawang /ɡawaŋ/ |
| Upendo | suabetɨ /suapetɨ/ | wʊʊʰa /wʊːhɑ/ | kanenki /kanenki/ | nakí /naki/ | ka'na /kaʔna/ | — /—/ | maolah /maolah/ |
| Mti | hupi /hupi/ | huupi /huːpi/ | kiyé /kije/ | gokó /ɡoko/ | kɨré /kɨre/ | — /—/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ |
| Nyumba | nobi /nopi/ | kahni /kahni/ | ki /ki/ | kalí /kali/ | kíh /kih/ | *ki /ki/ | luma /luma/ |
| Mbwa | isha /iʃa/ | sarii /saɾiː/ | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ | kochí /kotʃi/ | tsɨ'ɨ /tsɨʔɨ/ | — /—/ | waco /watʃo/ |
| Paka | mosa /mosa/ | ɨsʉ /ɪsɨ/ | mitsu /mitsu/ | misí /misi/ | mistú /mistu/ | — /—/ | posi /posi/ |
| Kula | tɨka /tɨka/ | tʉhkarʉ /tɨhkarɨ/ | kuye /kuje/ | koʼa /koʔa/ | kuá /kwa/ | *kwaʔa /kwaʔa/ | hekal /hekal/ |
| Kunywa | hibi /hipi/ | hibi /hibi/ | hi'eka /hiʔeka/ | bahí /bahi/ | hi'i /hiʔi/ | — /—/ | mihecak /mihetʃak/ |
| Moja | simɨ /simɨ/ | sʉmʉ /sɨmɨ/ | xevi /ʃevi/ | bilé /bile/ | cei /tsei/ | *sɨmɨ /sɨmɨ/ | cacay /tʃatʃai/ |
| Mbili | waha /waha/ | waha /waha/ | huta /huˈta/ | okuá /okwa/ | huapoa /waˈpoa/ | *wo /wo/ | tusa /tusa/ |
| Habari | maikwa /maikwa/ | marʉawe /maɾɨawe/ | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ | kuira /kuiɾa/ | ke'kuanenki /keʔkwanenki/ | — /—/ | marayas /maɾajas/ |
| Asante | pesa /pesa/ | ʉra /ɨɾa/ | pa'iwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ | matéterabá /mateteɾaba/ | atsipiraá /atsipiraː/ | — /—/ | lalumahan /lalumahan/ |
| Nzuri | pesa /pesa/ | tsaatʉ /tsaːtɨ/ | waxa /waʃa/ | galá /ɡala/ | huá'i /hwaʔi/ | — /—/ | kapah /kapah/ |
| Kekeo | poboyooha'a /poboˈjoːhaʔa/ | — /—/ | — | — | — | — | — |
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