Kĩmĩĩru
Kimeru
Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50/E.60 — Mount Kenya cluster)
Meru (Kĩmĩĩru) is a Bantu language of central Kenya spoken by the Ameru people on the eastern and northeastern slopes of Mount Kenya, with roughly 2 million speakers. It belongs to the Mount Kenya cluster of the Bantu E.50 / E.60 zone alongside Kikuyu (ki), Embu (ebu), and Kamba (kam), with which it shares extensive cognate vocabulary and a 7-vowel ATR-contrast system. The orthography uses tilde diacritics on ĩ and ũ to mark the non-ATR (lax) variants — a convention shared with Kikuyu and Embu. Meru comprises several mutually intelligible varieties: Imenti (the largest and basis of standard written Meru), Tigania, Igembe, Igoji, Mwimbi-Muthambi, and Chuka; Tharaka, spoken on the southern fringe, is sometimes classified as a separate language. The Bible was fully translated by 1964. Meru is recognized as an indigenous Kenyan language under the 2010 constitution and is used in primary education and regional broadcasting.
Inakozungumzwa
Maneno 20 ya msingi katika Kimeru
Maji
rũũjĩ
/ɾuːdʒi/
Moto
mwaki
/mwaki/
Jua
rĩũa
/ɾiua/
Mwezi
mweri
/mweɾi/
Mama
mami
/mami/
Baba
baba
/baba/
Kula
kũrĩa
/kuɾia/
Kunywa
kũnyũa
/kuɲua/
Upendo
wendo
/wendo/
Moyo
ngoro
/ŋɡoɾo/
Mti
mũtĩ
/muti/
Nyumba
nyomba
/ɲomba/
Mbwa
ngiti
/ŋɡiti/
Paka
nyau
/ɲau/
Mkono
njara
/ndʒaɾa/
Jicho
rĩĩthwa
/ɾiːθwa/
Habari
mwega
/mweɡa/
Asante
nĩ baba
/ni baba/
Moja
ĩmwe
/imwe/
Nzuri
mwega
/mweɡa/
Vyanzo
- Ethnologue 27: Meru
- Glottolog: Meru (meru1247)
- Maho (2009) NUGL Online (Bantu E.50/E.60 group)
- Marete (1986) The Meru People
- Möhlig (1974) A dialectological grammar of Meru
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha za Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50/E.60 — Mount Kenya cluster) zinazohusiana
| Maana | Kimeru | Kiembu | Kikikuyu | Kikamba | Kichasu | Kindau | Kinyaturu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | rũũjĩ /ɾuːdʒi/ | mai /mai/ | maaĩ /maːi/ | kĩw'ũ /kiwu/ | mende /mende/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | maazi /maːzi/ |
| Moto | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mshika /mʃika/ | muriro /muɾiɾo/ | moto /moto/ |
| Jua | rĩũa /ɾiua/ | rĩũa /ɾiua/ | rĩũa /ɾiwa/ | syũa /sjua/ | nyu /ɲu/ | zuva /zuva/ | nzua /nzua/ |
| Mwezi | mweri /mweɾi/ | mweri /mweɾi/ | mweri /mweɾi/ | mwei /mwei/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ |
| Mama | mami /mami/ | mami /mami/ | maitũ /maitu/ | mwaitũ /mwaitu/ | mama /mama/ | amai /amai/ | mama /mama/ |
| Baba | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | asa /asa/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ |
| Kula | kũrĩa /kuɾia/ | kũrĩa /kuɾia/ | kũrĩa /kuɾia/ | kũya /kuja/ | kurya /kuɾja/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kuria /kuɾia/ |
| Kunywa | kũnyũa /kuɲua/ | kũnyua /kuɲua/ | kũnyua /kuɲua/ | kũnywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Upendo | wendo /wendo/ | wendo /wendo/ | wendo /wendo/ | wendo /wendo/ | lumba /lumba/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| Moyo | ngoro /ŋɡoɾo/ | ngoro /ŋɡoɾo/ | ngoro /ŋɡoɾo/ | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | umutima /umutima/ |
| Mti | mũtĩ /muti/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | mti /mti/ | muti /muti/ | umuti /umuti/ |
| Nyumba | nyomba /ɲomba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Mbwa | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ | ngitĩ /ŋɡiti/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbga /imbɡa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Paka | nyau /ɲau/ | nyau /ɲau/ | nyaũ /ɲau/ | mbaka /mbaka/ | paka /paka/ | kiti /kiti/ | paka /paka/ |
| Mkono | njara /ndʒaɾa/ | guoko /ɡuoko/ | guoko /ɡuoko/ | kw'oko /kwoko/ | mkono /mkono/ | chanza /tʃanza/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ |
| Jicho | rĩĩthwa /ɾiːθwa/ | riitho /ɾiːθo/ | riitho /riːθo/ | ĩtho /iθo/ | jicho /dʒitʃo/ | ziso /ziso/ | iriiso /iɾiːso/ |
| Habari | mwega /mweɡa/ | mwega /mweɡa/ | wĩmwega /wimweɡa/ | mwĩaĩle /mwiaile/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | mhoroi /mhoɾoji/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ |
| Asante | nĩ baba /ni baba/ | nĩ baba /ni baba/ | nĩ wega /ni weɡa/ | nĩ vinya /ni viɲa/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | ahsante /ahsante/ |
| Moja | ĩmwe /imwe/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | imwe /imwe/ | chimwe /tʃimwe/ | umwe /umwe/ |
| Nzuri | mwega /mweɡa/ | mwega /mweɡa/ | wega /weɡa/ | museo /museo/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | kanaka /kanaka/ | kihi /kihi/ |
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