Batsʼil kʼop
Tzeltal
Mayan (Cholan-Tseltalan)
Tzeltal (Bats'il kʼop, "true language") is a Mayan language of the Tseltalan branch, spoken in highland Chiapas, Mexico, with ~600K speakers — sister to Tzotzil within the Tseltalan branch. The largest Mayan language by L1 speakers in Mexico after Yucatec Maya. The Tzeltal Maya are concentrated in the Los Altos region (San Cristóbal de las Casas area), with notable communities in Oxchuc, Tenejapa, Bachajón, and other towns. Each town has its own variety. Recognized as a national language of Mexico (2003 law). Has the typical Mayan ergative-absolutive case system, person markers, and rich verbal aspect morphology. Latin orthography uses apostrophe for ejectives.
Où elle est parlée
20 mots essentiels en Tzeltal
Eau
jaʼ
/xaʔ/
Feu
kʼaal
/kʼaːl/
Soleil
kʼajkʼal
/kʼaxkʼal/
Lune
u
/u/
Mère
meʼ
/meʔ/
Père
tat
/tat/
Manger
weʼel
/weʔel/
Boire
uchʼel
/utʃʼel/
Amour
kʼanbey
/kʼanbej/
Cœur
oʼtan
/oʔtan/
Arbre
teʼ
/teʔ/
Maison
na
/na/
Chien
tsʼiʼ
/tsʼiʔ/
Chat
mis
/mis/
Main
kʼab
/kʼab/
Œil
sit
/sit/
Bonjour
banti winik
/banti winik/
Merci
wokol awal
/wokol awal/
Un
jun
/xun/
Bon
lek
/lek/
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparé aux langues Mayan (Cholan-Tseltalan) apparentées
| Sens | Tzeltal | tzotzil | Tojolabal | Chontal de Tabasco | Chol | Q'anjob'al | Maya itzá |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | voʼ /voʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ |
| Feu | kʼaal /kʼaːl/ | kʼokʼ /kʼokʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼajk /kʼahk/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ |
| Soleil | kʼajkʼal /kʼaxkʼal/ | kʼakʼal /kʼakʼal/ | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | kʼajn /kʼahn/ | kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ | kʼin /kʼin/ |
| Lune | u /u/ | u /u/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | ä /æ/ | uw /uw/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | uj /uh/ |
| Mère | meʼ /meʔ/ | meʼ /meʔ/ | nan /nan/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | ñaʼ /ɲaʔ/ | mim /mim/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Père | tat /tat/ | tot /tot/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | mam /mam/ | tat /tat/ |
| Manger | weʼel /weʔel/ | veʼel /veʔel/ | waʼel /waʔel/ | weʼ /weʔ/ | kʼux /kʼuʃ/ | lo /lo/ | jant /hant/ |
| Boire | uchʼel /utʃʼel/ | uchʼ /utʃʼ/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼe /ukʼe/ | ucʼ /utsʼ/ | uku /uku/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ |
| Amour | kʼanbey /kʼanbej/ | kʼanel /kʼanel/ | skʼana /skʼana/ | kʼuxbe /kʼuʃbe/ | kʼuxbiñ /kʼuʃbiɲ/ | kʼamʼ /kʼamʔ/ | yakunti /jakunti/ |
| Cœur | oʼtan /oʔtan/ | oʼon /oʔon/ | alma /alma/ | pixan /piʃan/ | pusʼikʼal /pusʼikʼal/ | kʼulul /kʼulul/ | pukʼsikʼal /pukʼsikʼal/ |
| Arbre | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ |
| Maison | na /na/ | na /na/ | naj /nah/ | otot /otot/ | otyot /otjot/ | na /na/ | nah /nah/ |
| Chien | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ |
| Chat | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ |
| Main | kʼab /kʼab/ | kʼob /kʼob/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kʼä /kʼæ/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | kʼab /kʼab/ |
| Œil | sit /sit/ | sat /sat/ | satej /sateh/ | wich /witʃ/ | wut /wut/ | sat /sat/ | ich /itʃ/ |
| Bonjour | banti winik /banti winik/ | kʼusi avokoluk /kʼusi avokoluk/ | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ | bin a bel /bin a bel/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kawal /kawal/ | bʼix a tʼan /biʃ a tʼan/ |
| Merci | wokol awal /wokol awal/ | kolaval /kolaval/ | yuj /juh/ | dios boʼtik /dios boʔtik/ | wokox /wokoʃ/ | yuhwal /juhwal/ | dios bʼotik /dios botik/ |
| Un | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | un /un/ | juñ /huɲ/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Bon | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | tsʼak /tsʼak/ | utsat /utsat/ | watxʼ /watʃʼ/ | malobʼ /malob/ |
Fait partie de LangMap — un projet de visualisation linguistique. Ceci est un résumé statique et explorable ; les cartes interactives offrent l’audio de prononciation, des filtres et une vue globe.