थुलुङ

Thulung

Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman, Kiranti, Western)

FamilySino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman, Kiranti, Western) Speakers~33K ScriptDevanagari CountriesNepal (Solukhumbu, Khotang, Okhaldhunga) Official inNo (Nepali is sole official); recognized indigenous (Janajati) Vitalityvulnerable ISO 639-3tdh

Thulung is a Western Kiranti Sino-Tibetan language of the Solu-Khumbu and adjoining districts of eastern Nepal. The Thulung Rai are one of the constituent ethnolinguistic groups of the Kiranti (Rai) macrocluster, which forms a major component of Nepal's indigenous (Adivasi-Janajati) population. Allen (1975) "Sketch of Thulung Grammar" was the first systematic linguistic study; Lahaussois (2002) is the modern reference. Distinguished by complex polypersonal verb agreement and rich grammatical evidentiality.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Thulung

Water

भु

/bʱu/

Fire

मे

/me/

Sun

नाम

/nam/

Moon

लामी

/lami/

Star

सोर्लुग

/sorlug/

Mother

मामा

/mama/

Father

पापा

/papa/

I

गो

/go/

You

गन

/gana/

Name

नोङ

/noŋ/

Eye

मिक

/mik/

Hand

गुर

/ɡur/

Heart

सीक

/siːk/

Love

सेय्यु

/sejːu/

Tree

सीङ

/siːŋ/

House

खिम

/kʰim/

Dog

ख्ली

/kʰliː/

Cat

पुसी

/pusi/

Eat

च-

/tʃa/

Drink

तुङ-

/tʰuŋ/

One

कोङ

/koŋ/

Two

नि

/ni/

Hello

नमस्ते

/nəməste/

Thank you

धन्यवाद

/dʱənjəbaːd/

Good

नुम्स

/nums/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman, Kiranti, Western) languages

Meaning ThulungLimbuLadakhiBaltiKhams TibetanKurtöpSikkimese
Water भु /bʱu/ ᤇᤘᤠ /tʃʰwaː/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ khwe /kʰwe/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/
Fire मे /me/ ᤔᤡ /mi/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/ མེ /me/ mi /mi/ མེ /me/
Sun नाम /nam/ ᤊᤠᤶᤑ /ɲaːmpʰʌ/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ningpe /niŋpe/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/
Moon लामी /lami/ ᤗᤠᤒᤠ /laːba/ ཟླ་བ /zlawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/ lai /lai/ ཟླ་བ /dawa/
Star सोर्लुग /sorlug/ ᤂᤧᤛᤧᤔᤡᤰ /kʰɛsɛmik/ སྐར་མ /skarma/ སྐར་མ /skarma/ སྐར་མ /karma/ karma /karma/ སྐར་མ་ /kaːma/
Mother मामा /mama/ ᤔᤠᤔᤠ /maːmaː/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/ ཨ་མ /ama/ amai /amai/ ཨ་མ /ama/
Father पापा /papa/ ᤀᤠᤒᤠ /aːbaː/ ཨ་པ /apa/ ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/ ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/ apai /apai/ ཨ་པ /apa/
I गो /go/ ᤀᤠᤱᤃᤠ /aŋga/ /ŋa/ /ŋa/ /ŋà/ ngat /ŋat/ ང་ /ŋa/
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