Mirandés

Mirandese

Indo-European (Romance, Ibero-Romance, Astur-Leonese)

FamilyIndo-European (Romance, Ibero-Romance, Astur-Leonese) Speakers~10–15K ScriptLatin CountriesPortugal (Miranda do Douro, Vimioso, Mogadouro) Official inPortugal Vitalityvulnerable ISO 639-3mwl

Mirandese (mirandés) is an Astur-Leonese Romance language spoken in three municipalities of Portugal's far northeast (Miranda do Douro, Vimioso, Mogadouro), with ~10K-15K speakers. It is the only co-official language of Portugal alongside Portuguese (Law 7/99 of 29 January 1999, the Lei do Mirandês), making Portugal — usually considered Europe's most monolingual country — formally bilingual. Closely related to Asturian (ast) on the Spanish side; both descend from medieval Leonese rather than Castilian. Distinct standardized orthography (Convenção Ortográfica da Língua Mirandesa, 1999), used in education and local signage.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Mirandese

Water

auga

/ˈawɣa/

Fire

fuogo

/ˈfwoɣu/

Sun

sol

/sɔl/

Moon

luna

/ˈluna/

Star

streilha

/ˈstrejʎɐ/

Mother

mai

/maj/

Father

pai

/paj/

I

you

/ju/

You

tu

/tu/

Name

nome

/ˈnomɨ/

Eye

uolho

/ˈuoʎu/

Hand

mano

/ˈmano/

Heart

coraçon

/koɾaˈtsoŋ/

Love

amor

/aˈmoɾ/

Tree

arble

/ˈaɾβle/

House

casa

/ˈkaza/

Dog

perro

/ˈperu/

Cat

gato

/ˈɡatu/

Eat

comer

/koˈmeɾ/

Drink

bubir

/buˈβiɾ/

One

un

/uŋ/

Two

dous

/dows/

Hello

olá

/oˈla/

Thank you

oubrigado

/owβɾiˈɣadu/

Good

buono

/ˈbwonu/

Computer

cumputador

/kumputɐˈdoɾ/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European (Romance, Ibero-Romance, Astur-Leonese) languages

Meaning MirandeseAsturianExtremaduranAragoneseSpanishGolden Age Spanish (Siglo de Oro)Old Spanish
Water auga /ˈawɣa/ agua /ˈaɣwa/ agua /ˈaɣwa/ augua /ˈawɡwa/ agua /ˈaɣwa/ agua /ˈaɣwa/ agua /ˈaɣwa/
Fire fuogo /ˈfwoɣu/ fueu /ˈfweu/ huegu /ˈweɣu/ fuego /ˈfweɣo/ fuego /ˈfweɣo/ fuego /ˈfweɣo/ fuego /ˈfweɣo/
Sun sol /sɔl/ sol /sol/ sol /sɔl/ sol /sol/ sol /sol/ sol /sol/ sol /sol/
Moon luna /ˈluna/ lluna /ˈʎuna/ luna /ˈluna/ luna /ˈluna/ luna /ˈluna/ luna /ˈluna/ luna /ˈluna/
Star streilha /ˈstrejʎɐ/ estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/ estrella /ehˈtɾeʎa/ estrela /esˈtɾela/ estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/ estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/ estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/
Mother mai /maj/ ma /ma/ mai /mai/ mai /maj/ madre /ˈmaðɾe/ madre /ˈmadɾe/ madre /ˈmaðre/
Father pai /paj/ pa /pa/ pairi /ˈpajɾi/ pai /paj/ padre /ˈpaðɾe/ padre /ˈpadɾe/ padre /ˈpaðre/
I you /ju/ yo /ʝo/ yo /ʝo/ yo /ʝo/ yo /ʝo/ yo /ʝo/ yo /jo/
Page 1/4

Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.