Estremeñu
Extremaduran
Indo-European (Romance, Italic, Iberian, Astur-Leonese)
Extremaduran (Estremeñu, also "castúo" in some informal uses) is an Astur-Leonese Romance variety transitional between Asturian (ast) and Spanish, spoken in the Extremadura region of western Spain. Most strongly preserved in northern Cáceres province (the "alta extremadura" zone). Heavily influenced by Spanish through centuries of dialect leveling, but retains characteristic Astur-Leonese features: aspirated h- (Latin f-) where Spanish has silent h, mid-vowel diphthongization, and distinctive pronunciation of -s as aspiration. UNESCO classifies it as definitely endangered. Extremaduran Wikipedia (2008) helped revitalize written use.
Where it is spoken
20 core words in Extremaduran
Water
agua
/ˈaɣwa/
Fire
huegu
/ˈweɣu/
Sun
sol
/sɔl/
Moon
luna
/ˈluna/
Mother
mai
/mai/
Father
pai
/pai/
Eat
comel
/koˈmel/
Drink
bebel
/beˈβel/
Love
amol
/aˈmol/
Heart
curaçón
/kuɾaˈsɔn/
Tree
arbol
/ˈaɾβol/
House
casa
/ˈkasa/
Dog
perru
/ˈpɛru/
Cat
gatu
/ˈɣatu/
Hand
manu
/ˈmanu/
Eye
oju
/ˈohu/
Hello
salú
/saˈlu/
Thank you
gracias
/ˈɣɾasjas/
One
un
/un/
Good
bueno
/ˈbweno/
Sources
Words compared
Compared with related Indo-European (Romance, Italic, Iberian, Astur-Leonese) languages
| Meaning | Extremaduran | Fala | Asturian | Spanish (Europe) | Mirandese | Aragonese | Golden Age Spanish (Siglo de Oro) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | augua /ˈaɡwa/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | auga /ˈawɣa/ | augua /ˈawɡwa/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ |
| Fire | huegu /ˈweɣu/ | lume /ˈlume/ | fueu /ˈfweu/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ | fuogo /ˈfwoɣu/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ |
| Sun | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ |
| Moon | luna /ˈluna/ | lúa /ˈlua/ | lluna /ˈʎuna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ |
| Mother | mai /mai/ | mai /mai/ | ma /ma/ | madre /ˈmaðɾe/ | mai /maj/ | mai /maj/ | madre /ˈmadɾe/ |
| Father | pai /pai/ | pai /pai/ | pa /pa/ | padre /ˈpaðɾe/ | pai /paj/ | pai /paj/ | padre /ˈpadɾe/ |
| Eat | comel /koˈmel/ | cumel /kuˈmel/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | minchar /minˈt͡ʃaɾ/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ |
| Drink | bebel /beˈβel/ | bebel /beˈβel/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | bubir /buˈβiɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | beuer /beˈβeɾ/ |
| Love | amol /aˈmol/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ |
| Heart | curaçón /kuɾaˈsɔn/ | curaçón /kuɾaˈsɔn/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | coraçon /koɾaˈt͡soŋ/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | coraçón /koɾaˈt͡son/ |
| Tree | arbol /ˈaɾβol/ | arbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | arble /ˈaɾβle/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ |
| House | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkaza/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ |
| Dog | perru /ˈpɛru/ | can /kan/ | perru /ˈperu/ | perro /ˈpero/ | perro /ˈperu/ | can /kan/ | perro /ˈpero/ |
| Cat | gatu /ˈɣatu/ | gatu /ˈɣatu/ | gatu /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gato /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gato /ˈɡato/ |
| Hand | manu /ˈmanu/ | mau /mau/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ |
| Eye | oju /ˈohu/ | oju /ˈohu/ | güeyu /ˈɡweʝu/ | ojo /ˈoxo/ | uolho /ˈuoʎu/ | güello /ˈɣweʎo/ | ojo /ˈoʃo/ |
| Hello | salú /saˈlu/ | salú /saˈlu/ | hola /ˈola/ | hola /ˈola/ | olá /oˈla/ | hola /ˈola/ | Dios os guarde /djos os ˈɡwaɾde/ |
| Thank you | gracias /ˈɣɾasjas/ | gracias /ˈɣɾasjas/ | gracies /ˈɡɾaθjes/ | gracias /ˈɡɾaθjas/ | oubrigado /owβɾiˈɣadu/ | gracias /ˈɡɾaθjas/ | gracias /ˈɡɾat͡sjas/ |
| One | un /un/ | un /un/ | ún /un/ | uno /ˈuno/ | un /uŋ/ | un /un/ | uno /ˈuno/ |
| Good | bueno /ˈbweno/ | bõ /bõ/ | bonu /ˈbonu/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ | buono /ˈbwonu/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ |
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