Лакку маз

Lak

NE Caucasian (Lak-Dargic)

FamilyNE Caucasian (Lak-Dargic) Speakers~150K ScriptCyrillic CountriesRussia (Daghestan) Official inRepublic of Daghestan Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3lbe

Lak (лакку маз lakku maz) is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Lak-Dargic branch native to the central highlands of Daghestan, Russia (Laksky and Kulinsky districts, plus Novolaksky after the 1944 forced relocation), with ~150K speakers including diaspora in Daghestan's lowland cities and Central Asian republics. It is one of the constitutionally co-official languages of the Republic of Daghestan. Lak has a 4-class noun gender system (with masculine, feminine, and two non-personal genders), an ergative-absolutive case structure with up to 40 case-form combinations including locative series, and an inventory of around 60 consonants featuring ejectives, pharyngealized series, and uvulars. Despite its modest speaker base it has a literary tradition since the 19th c. with poets like Mahmud of Kakhab-Roso, and Lak-language newspapers (Ilchi) and broadcasts continue today.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Lak

Water

щин

/ʃin/

Fire

цӏу

/tsʼu/

Sun

бургъ

/burʁ/

Moon

барз

/barz/

Mother

нину

/ninu/

Father

ппу

/pːu/

Eat

ккаву

/kːavu/

Drink

гьавхь

/ʕavħ/

Love

ччан

/tʃːan/

Heart

дакӏ

/dakʼ/

Tree

мурхь

/muɾħ/

House

къатта

/qatːa/

Dog

ккун

/kːun/

Cat

ккац

/kːats/

Hand

ка

/ka/

Eye

я

/ja/

Hello

салам

/salam/

Thank you

барчаллагь

/baɾtʃalːaʁ/

One

ца

/tsa/

Good

хъинсса

/qinsːa/

Words compared

Compared with related NE Caucasian (Lak-Dargic) languages

Meaning LakDargwaLezgianAghulTabasaranTsezRutul
Water щин /ʃin/ шин /ʃin/ яд /jad/ хьед /ħed/ штар /ʃtar/ лъи /ɬi/ хьед /ħed/
Fire цӏу /tsʼu/ цӏа /tsʼa/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏа /tsʼa/ цӏи /tsʼi/ цӏай /tsʼaj/
Sun бургъ /burʁ/ берхӏи /beɾħi/ рагъ /raʁ/ рагъ /raʁ/ рагъ /raʁ/ буцӏ /butsʼ/ варагъ /waraʁ/
Moon барз /barz/ баз /baz/ варз /varz/ ваз /vaz/ варз /varz/ бутӏтӏи /butʼːi/ ваз /waz/
Mother нину /ninu/ нес /nes/ диде /dide/ баб /bab/ бай /baj/ баб /bab/ нин /nin/
Father ппу /pːu/ атта /atːa/ буба /buba/ ада /ada/ дад /dad/ обу /obu/ дид /did/
Eat ккаву /kːavu/ букӏан /bukʼan/ тӏуьн /tʼyn/ ифи /ifi/ ипӏуб /ipʼub/ ишер /iʃer/ ухьун /uħun/
Drink гьавхь /ʕavħ/ даркьес /daɾqʼes/ хъун /qun/ ахъан /aqʼan/ ужуб /uʒub/ жекер /ʒeker/ эджин /edʒin/
Page 1/3

Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.