Q'anjob'al

Mayan

FamilyMayan Speakers~80–100K (Guatemala + significant USA diaspora) ScriptLatin CountriesGuatemala Official inNo (Spanish is the official language of Guatemala; recognized as a national language under the 2003 Ley de Idiomas Nacionales) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3kjb

Q'anjob'al is a Mayan language of the Q'anjob'alan-Chujean branch, spoken in the Cuchumatanes mountain highlands of Huehuetenango, Guatemala. The Q'anjob'al community was severely affected by the 1980s Guatemalan Civil War genocide, leading to substantial migration to the USA, where Los Angeles and San Francisco now host major diaspora populations. Linguistically, Q'anjob'al has typical Mayan features and is the largest Q'anjob'alan-Chujean language. Mateo-Toledo's 2008 reference work on Q'anjob'al syntax is the major modern documentation.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Q'anjob'al

Water

haʼ

/haʔ/

Fire

qʼaʼ

/qʼaʔ/

Sun

kʼuʼ

/kʼuʔ/

Moon

ixaw

/iʃaw/

Star

txʼumel

/tʂʼumel/

Mother

mim

/mim/

Father

mam

/mam/

I

ayin

/ʔajin/

You

hach

/hatʃ/

Name

bʼi

/ɓi/

Eye

sat

/sat/

Hand

qʼab

/qʼab/

Heart

kʼulul

/kʼulul/

Love

kamkʼulal

/kamkʼulal/

Tree

teʼ

/teʔ/

House

na

/na/

Dog

tzʼiʼ

/tsʼiʔ/

Cat

mes

/mes/

Eat

lo

/lo/

Drink

uku

/uku/

One

jun

/hun/

Two

kabʼ

/kaɓ/

Hello

kawal

/kawal/

Thank you

yuhwal

/juhwal/

Good

watxʼ

/watʃʼ/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Mayan languages

Meaning Q'anjob'alAguacatecoTojolabalUspantekoPoqomchi'KʼicheʼTzeltal
Water haʼ /haʔ/ /aʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /xaʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/
Fire qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ qʼaq /qʼaq/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ qʼaaq /qʼaːq/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ kʼajkʼ /kʼahkʼ/
Sun kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ qʼijl /qʼihl/ kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ qʼiij /qʼiːh/ qʼij /qʼih/ qʼij /qʼix/ kʼajkʼal /kʼahkʼal/
Moon ixaw /iʃaw/ xahaw /ʃahaw/ ixaw /iʃaw/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ ik /ik/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ u /u/
Star txʼumel /tʂʼumel/ chumeʼl /tʃumeʔl/ kʼanal /kʼanal/ ch'umil /tʃʼumil/ chʼumiil /tʃʼumiːl/ chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ ekʼ /ekʼ/
Mother mim /mim/ naa /naː/ nan /nan/ nan /nan/ tuut /tuːt/ nan /nan/ meʼ /meʔ/
Father mam /mam/ mam /mam/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/ ajaab /ahaːb/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/
I ayin /ʔajin/ in /in/ keʼn /keʔn/ in /in/ hin /hin/ in /in/ joʼon /hoʔon/
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