Khasi

Austroasiatic (Khasian)

FamilyAustroasiatic (Khasian) Speakers~1.6M ScriptLatin CountriesIndia (Meghalaya), Bangladesh Official inMeghalaya (with Garo and English) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3kha

Khasi is the principal language of Meghalaya state in northeast India, with ~1.6M speakers, plus communities in Bangladesh's Sylhet division. It is one of only two Austroasiatic groups with substantial speaker populations outside Southeast Asia (the other being Munda) — the Khasians are descendants of an early Austroasiatic migration into eastern India. Khasi society is matrilineal (one of the few major matrilineal societies in the world), with property and kinship traced through women. The Latin orthography was developed by Welsh missionaries in the early 19th century. Khasi is co-official in Meghalaya alongside Garo and English. Has SVO order, no tones (unusual for Austroasiatic), and rich derivational morphology.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Khasi

Water

um

/um/

Fire

ding

/diŋ/

Sun

ka sngi

/ka sŋi/

Moon

bnai

/bnai/

Mother

mei

/mei/

Father

kpa

/kpa/

Eat

bam

/bam/

Drink

dih

/dih/

Love

ieid

/iəid/

Heart

ka jingmut

/ka dʒiŋmut/

Tree

u dieng

/u diəŋ/

House

ka ïing

/ka jiŋ/

Dog

u ksew

/u ksew/

Cat

u miaw

/u miau/

Hand

ka kti

/ka kti/

Eye

ka khmat

/ka kʰmat/

Hello

khublei

/kʰublei/

Thank you

khublei shibun

/kʰublei ʃibun/

One

wei

/wei/

Good

bha

/bʱa/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Austroasiatic (Khasian) languages

Meaning KhasiKurtöpEastern BruLadakhiHakha ChinMizoBahnar
Water um /um/ khwe /kʰwe/ daak /daːk/ ཆུ /tɕʰu/ ti /ti/ tui /tui/ dak /dak/
Fire ding /diŋ/ mi /mi/ oih /ʔoiʔ/ མེ /me/ mei /mei/ mei /mei/ unh /uɲ/
Sun ka sngi /ka sŋi/ ningpe /niŋpe/ mat plei /mat plei/ ཉི་མ /ɲima/ ni /ni/ ni /ni/ mat trơ /mat trə/
Moon bnai /bnai/ lai /lai/ kasai /kasai/ ཟླ་བ /zlawa/ thla /tʰla/ thla /tʰla/ khe /kʰe/
Mother mei /mei/ amai /amai/ amey /amej/ ཨ་མ /ama/ nu /nu/ nu /nu/ mei /mei/
Father kpa /kpa/ apai /apai/ amung /amuŋ/ ཨ་པ /apa/ pa /pa/ pa /pa/ /bə/
Eat bam /bam/ za /za/ cha /tʃa/ /za/ ei /ei/ ei /ei/ sa /sa/
Drink dih /dih/ thung /tʰuŋ/ ngoot /ŋoːt/ འཐུང /tʰuŋ/ din /din/ in /in/ ngoah /ŋoah/
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