Karo Bari

Bari

Nilo-Saharan

FamilyNilo-Saharan Speakers~600K ScriptLatin CountriesSouth Sudan Official inSouth Sudan Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bfa

Bari (Karo Bari, "the Bari speech") is an Eastern Nilotic language of the Bari cluster, spoken across the South Sudan-Uganda border region. The Bari people are pastoral cattle-herders of the Equatorial Nile region, with their cultural homeland centered on Juba, the South Sudan capital. The Bari cluster (Bari, Mandari, Kakwa, Pojulu, Kuku) shows mutual intelligibility but distinct ethnopolitical identities. Linguistically, Bari shares Eastern Nilotic features with Maasai (mas) and Samburu (saq): tonal (high/low/mid), focus markers, masculine/feminine gender, and SVO constituent order. Italian Comboni missionaries developed the standard orthography in the 19th century; Bari has a substantial Bible translation tradition.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Bari

Water

piong

/piɔŋ/

Fire

kima

/kima/

Sun

kolong

/koloŋ/

Moon

nyepo

/ɲepo/

Mother

mama

/mama/

Father

baba

/baba/

Eat

nyo

/ɲo/

Drink

mwoi

/mwoi/

Love

ondu

/ondu/

Heart

lo

/lo/

Tree

kute

/kute/

House

kadi

/kadi/

Dog

ngoʼlo

/ŋoʔlo/

Cat

lupa

/lupa/

Hand

kindiyo

/kindijo/

Eye

kongi

/koŋɡi/

Hello

gwon

/ɡwon/

Thank you

mungari

/muŋɡari/

One

kelo

/kelo/

Good

ru

/ru/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Nilo-Saharan languages

Meaning BariAtesoSangoMaasaiLuoEastern Huasteca NahuatlRwa
Water piong /piɔŋ/ akipi /akipi/ ngu /ŋɡu/ ɛŋare /ɛŋare/ pi /pi/ atl /atɬ/ mende /mende/
Fire kima /kima/ akim /akim/ wa /wa/ ɛnkima /ɛŋkima/ mach /matʃ/ titl /titɬ/ msika /msika/
Sun kolong /koloŋ/ akolong /akoloŋ/ /la/ enkolong /eŋkoloŋ/ chieng' /tʃieŋ/ tonatih /tonatih/ mlao /mlao/
Moon nyepo /ɲepo/ elap /elap/ nzë /nzɛ/ olapa /olapa/ dwe /dwe/ metztli /metstɬi/ mwere /mwere/
Mother mama /mama/ toto /toto/ mama /mama/ yieyio /jiejio/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/
Father baba /baba/ papa /papa/ babâ /baba/ papa /papa/ baba /baba/ tata /tata/ baba /baba/
Eat nyo /ɲo/ akinyam /akiɲam/ te /te/ anya /aɲa/ chiemo /tʃiemo/ tlacua /tɬakʷa/ kuria /kuria/
Drink mwoi /mwoi/ akimat /akimat/ nyon /ɲon/ oŋg /oŋɡ/ madho /maðo/ atli /atɬi/ kunyua /kuɲua/
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