Sampur

Samburu

Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa cluster — sister to Maasai mas)

FamilyNilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa cluster — sister to Maasai mas) Speakers~150K-180K ScriptLatin CountriesKenya Official inKenya Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3saq

Samburu (Sampur, "those who hold us together") is the language of the Samburu people, semi-nomadic Maa-speaking pastoralists of the Northern Frontier of Kenya. Linguistically, Samburu is part of the Maa cluster of Eastern Nilotic alongside Maasai (mas) — they are mutually intelligible to a large degree but maintain distinct ethnic identities. The Samburu have historically been allied with the Maasai through shared cultural patterns (warrior-age sets, lion-hunting initiation, cattle-centered ritual) but also with the neighboring Cushitic Rendille people through trade and intermarriage. The 2009 census recorded 310,327 ethnic Samburu, with most speakers also bilingual in Swahili.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Samburu

Water

nkare

/ŋkaɾe/

Fire

nkima

/ŋkima/

Sun

lakwa

/lakʷa/

Moon

lapa

/lapa/

Mother

yieyo

/jiejo/

Father

papa

/papa/

Eat

anya

/aɲa/

Drink

oŋg

/oŋɡ/

Love

eitalu

/eitalu/

Heart

ltau

/ltau/

Tree

lchani

/ltʃani/

House

nkang

/ŋkaŋ/

Dog

ldia

/ldia/

Cat

paka

/paka/

Hand

nkaina

/ŋkaina/

Eye

nkoŋu

/ŋkoŋu/

Hello

sopa

/sopa/

Thank you

ashe

/aʃe/

One

obo

/obo/

Good

supat

/supat/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa cluster — sister to Maasai mas) languages

Meaning SamburuMaasaiAtesoOlkolNhandaYaoMalagasy
Water nkare /ŋkaɾe/ ɛŋare /ɛŋare/ akipi /akipi/ kupa /kupa/ kapi /kapi/ mesi /mesi/ rano /ɾanu/
Fire nkima /ŋkima/ ɛnkima /ɛŋkima/ akim /akim/ paral /paɻal/ warla /waɻla/ moto /moto/ afo /afu/
Sun lakwa /lakʷa/ enkolong /eŋkoloŋ/ akolong /akoloŋ/ naŋkari /naŋkaɻi/ ngama /ŋama/ lyuwa /ʎuwa/ masoandro /masuandɾu/
Moon lapa /lapa/ olapa /olapa/ elap /elap/ kakal /kakal/ kanyala /kaɲala/ mwesi /mwesi/ volana /vulana/
Mother yieyo /jiejo/ yieyio /jiejio/ toto /toto/ ngangi /ŋaŋi/ ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ amao /amaː/ reny /ɾeni/
Father papa /papa/ papa /papa/ papa /papa/ kaba /kaba/ kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ atati /atati/ ray /ɾaj/
Eat anya /aɲa/ anya /aɲa/ akinyam /akiɲam/ ngarinya /ŋaɻiɲa/ ngarna /ŋaɻna/ kulya /kuʎa/ mihinana /mihinana/
Drink oŋg /oŋɡ/ oŋg /oŋɡ/ akimat /akimat/ kupa nyaa /kupa ɲaː/ nyuna /ɲuna/ kumwa /kumwa/ misotro /misutɾu/
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