Sampur

Samburu

Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa cluster — sister to Maasai mas)

FamilyNilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa cluster — sister to Maasai mas) Speakers~150–180K ScriptLatin CountriesKenya Official inNo (Swahili and English are the official languages of Kenya) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3saq

Samburu (Sampur, "those who hold us together") is the language of the Samburu people, semi-nomadic Maa-speaking pastoralists of the Northern Frontier of Kenya. Linguistically, Samburu is part of the Maa cluster of Eastern Nilotic alongside Maasai (mas) — they are mutually intelligible to a large degree but maintain distinct ethnic identities. The Samburu have historically been allied with the Maasai through shared cultural patterns (warrior-age sets, lion-hunting initiation, cattle-centered ritual) but also with the neighboring Cushitic Rendille people through trade and intermarriage. The 2009 census recorded 310,327 ethnic Samburu, with most speakers also bilingual in Swahili.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Samburu

Water

nkare

/ŋkaɾe/

Fire

nkima

/ŋkima/

Sun

lakwa

/lakʷa/

Moon

lapa

/lapa/

Star

lakira

/lakira/

Mother

yieyo

/jiejo/

Father

papa

/papa/

I

nanu

/nanʊ/

You

iye

/ije/

Name

nkarna

/ŋkarna/

Eye

nkoŋu

/ŋkoŋu/

Hand

nkaina

/ŋkaina/

Heart

ltau

/ltau/

Love

eitalu

/eitalu/

Tree

lchani

/ltʃani/

House

nkang

/ŋkaŋ/

Dog

ldia

/ldia/

Cat

paka

/paka/

Eat

anya

/aɲa/

Drink

oŋg

/oŋɡ/

One

obo

/obo/

Two

aare

/aːre/

Hello

sopa

/sopa/

Thank you

ashe

/aʃe/

Good

supat

/supat/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa cluster — sister to Maasai mas) languages

Meaning SamburuMaasaiAtesoMalagasyYaoOlkolAsháninka
Water nkare /ŋkaɾe/ ɛŋare /ɛŋare/ akipi /akipi/ rano /ɾanu/ mesi /mesi/ kupa /kupa/ nija /nidʒa/
Fire nkima /ŋkima/ ɛnkima /ɛŋkima/ akim /akim/ afo /afu/ moto /moto/ paral /paɻal/ paamari /paːmaɾi/
Sun lakwa /lakʷa/ enkolong /eŋkoloŋ/ akolong /akoloŋ/ masoandro /masuandɾu/ lyuwa /ʎuwa/ naŋkari /naŋkaɻi/ oorya /oːɾja/
Moon lapa /lapa/ olapa /olapa/ elap /elap/ volana /vulana/ mwesi /mwesi/ kakal /kakal/ kashiri /kaʃiɾi/
Star lakira /lakira/ olakira /olakira/ akoloit /akoloit/ kintana /ˈkintana/ ndondwa /ndondwa/ el idnban /el ˈidnban/ impoquiro /impokiɾo/
Mother yieyo /jiejo/ yieyio /jiejio/ toto /toto/ reny /ɾeni/ amao /amaː/ ngangi /ŋaŋi/ ina /ina/
Father papa /papa/ papa /papa/ papa /papa/ ray /ɾaj/ atati /atati/ kaba /kaba/ apa /apa/
I nanu /nanʊ/ nanʉ /nanʊ/ eong /eɔŋ/ aho /ˈahu/ une /une/ ay /aj/ naaka /naːka/
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