ɔl Maa

Maasai

Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa)

FamilyNilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa) Speakers~1.5M ScriptLatin (with ɛ ɔ ŋ) CountriesKenya, Tanzania Official inNo (recognized) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3mas

Maasai (ɔl Maa) is the language of the Maasai people of the Great Rift Valley, with ~1.5M speakers in southern Kenya and northern Tanzania. It is part of the Maa cluster of Eastern Nilotic languages (with Samburu and Camus). Has a complex tonal system (high vs. low with downstep), an inclusive/exclusive distinction in pronouns, three genders (masculine, feminine, neuter), and is famous for vocabulary and idiom reflecting the Maasai age-set system (l'arikoni "warriors", l'orpayieni "elders") and pastoralist cattle culture. The Maasai have remained largely culturally distinct despite Kenyan and Tanzanian state pressure.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Maasai

Water

ɛŋare

/ɛŋare/

Fire

ɛnkima

/ɛŋkima/

Sun

enkolong

/eŋkoloŋ/

Moon

olapa

/olapa/

Mother

yieyio

/jiejio/

Father

papa

/papa/

Eat

anya

/aɲa/

Drink

oŋg

/oŋɡ/

Love

eitalu

/eitalu/

Heart

oltau

/oltau/

Tree

olchani

/oltʃani/

House

eng'aji

/ɛŋadʒi/

Dog

oldia

/oldia/

Cat

paka

/paka/

Hand

ɛŋaina

/ɛŋaina/

Eye

ɛŋɔŋu

/ɛŋɔŋu/

Hello

sopa

/sopa/

Thank you

ashe

/aʃe/

One

obo

/obo/

Good

sidai

/sidai/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Nilotic, Maa) languages

Meaning MaasaiSamburuAtesoBariMalagasyNhandaHiri Motu
Water ɛŋare /ɛŋare/ nkare /ŋkaɾe/ akipi /akipi/ piong /piɔŋ/ rano /ɾanu/ kapi /kapi/ ranu /ɾanu/
Fire ɛnkima /ɛŋkima/ nkima /ŋkima/ akim /akim/ kima /kima/ afo /afu/ warla /waɻla/ lahi /lahi/
Sun enkolong /eŋkoloŋ/ lakwa /lakʷa/ akolong /akoloŋ/ kolong /koloŋ/ masoandro /masuandɾu/ ngama /ŋama/ dina /dina/
Moon olapa /olapa/ lapa /lapa/ elap /elap/ nyepo /ɲepo/ volana /vulana/ kanyala /kaɲala/ hua /hua/
Mother yieyio /jiejio/ yieyo /jiejo/ toto /toto/ mama /mama/ reny /ɾeni/ ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ sina /sina/
Father papa /papa/ papa /papa/ papa /papa/ baba /baba/ ray /ɾaj/ kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ tama /tama/
Eat anya /aɲa/ anya /aɲa/ akinyam /akiɲam/ nyo /ɲo/ mihinana /mihinana/ ngarna /ŋaɻna/ ania /ania/
Drink oŋg /oŋɡ/ oŋg /oŋɡ/ akimat /akimat/ mwoi /mwoi/ misotro /misutɾu/ nyuna /ɲuna/ inua /inua/
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