Bidhaawyeet

Beja

Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic, North)

FamilyAfro-Asiatic (Cushitic, North) Speakers~3M ScriptArabic / Latin CountriesSudan, Eritrea, Egypt Official inNo (recognized regional) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bej

Beja (Bidhaawyeet, 'language of the Beja') is the only North Cushitic language and the most divergent branch within Cushitic, sometimes treated as its own coordinate branch of Afro-Asiatic. It is spoken by Beja nomadic peoples of the Red Sea hills of eastern Sudan and northeastern Eritrea, descendants of the ancient Blemmyes and Medjay attested in pharaonic and Roman sources. Beja preserves a complex prefix-conjugation verb system inherited from Proto-Afro-Asiatic.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Beja

Water

yam

/jam/

Fire

neʼaat

/neʔaːt/

Sun

yint

/jint/

Moon

tirig

/tiɾiɡ/

Star

hayúk

/hajuːk/

Mother

indee

/iːndeː/

Father

baab

/baːb/

I

ané

/ʔane/

You

barúk

/baruːk/

Name

sim

/sim/

Eye

liili

/liːli/

Hand

ay

/aj/

Heart

ginʼa

/ɡinʔa/

Love

kima

/kima/

Tree

hindeb

/hindeb/

House

gaw

/ɡaw/

Dog

yas

/jas/

Cat

kabsoot

/kabsoːt/

Eat

tame

/tame/

Drink

gwaʼa

/ɡʷaʕa/

One

gaal

/ɡaːl/

Two

maloob

/maloːb/

Hello

salaam

/salaːm/

Thank you

baraʼoo

/baɾaʕoː/

Good

dabaab

/dabaːb/

Words compared

Compared with related Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic, North) languages

Meaning BejaSabaeanKeraDabaJordanian ArabicHausaGe'ez
Water yam /jam/ 𐩣𐩥 /maw/ mam /mam/ yam /jam/ ماي /maːj/ ruwa /ɾuwaː/ ማይ /maːj/
Fire neʼaat /neʔaːt/ 𐩱𐩪 /ʔas/ ákə̀rə /akərə/ kʷu /kʷu/ نار /naːɾ/ wuta /wuta/ እሳት /ʔəsaːt/
Sun yint /jint/ 𐩦𐩣𐩪 /ʃams/ kêr /keːɾ/ ɓa /ɓa/ شمس /ʃams/ rana /ɾaːnaː/ ፀሐይ /sˤaħaj/
Moon tirig /tiɾiɡ/ 𐩥𐩧𐩭 /warχ/ mə̀sə̀rə /məsərə/ paɗ /paɗ/ قمر /ɡamar/ wata /wata/ ወርኅ /warχ/
Star hayúk /hajuːk/ 𐩫𐩨𐩫𐩨 /kabkab/ tùwrò /tuwro/ gwevar /ɡʷevar/ نجمة /nadʒme/ tauraro /tauraːro/ ኮከብ /kokab/
Mother indee /iːndeː/ 𐩱𐩣 /ʔumm/ /naː/ mma /mːa/ أم /ʔumː/ uwa /uwaː/ እም /ʔəmm/
Father baab /baːb/ 𐩱𐩨 /ʔab/ /baː/ daa /daː/ أب /ʔabː/ uba /ubaː/ አብ /ʔab/
I ané /ʔane/ 𐩱𐩬 /ʔana/ kə́ŋ /kəŋ/ /nə/ أنا /ʔana/ ni /niː/ አነ /ʔana/
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