Bidhaawyeet

Beja

Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic, North)

FamilyAfro-Asiatic (Cushitic, North) Speakers~3M ScriptArabic / Latin CountriesSudan, Eritrea, Egypt Official inNo (recognized regional) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bej

Beja (Bidhaawyeet, 'language of the Beja') is the only North Cushitic language and the most divergent branch within Cushitic, sometimes treated as its own coordinate branch of Afro-Asiatic. It is spoken by Beja nomadic peoples of the Red Sea hills of eastern Sudan and northeastern Eritrea, descendants of the ancient Blemmyes and Medjay attested in pharaonic and Roman sources. Beja preserves a complex prefix-conjugation verb system inherited from Proto-Afro-Asiatic.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Beja

Water

yam

/jam/

Fire

neʼaat

/neʔaːt/

Sun

yint

/jint/

Moon

tirig

/tiɾiɡ/

Mother

indee

/iːndeː/

Father

baab

/baːb/

Eat

tame

/tame/

Drink

gwaʼa

/ɡʷaʕa/

Love

kima

/kima/

Heart

ginʼa

/ɡinʕa/

Tree

hindeb

/hindeb/

House

gaw

/ɡaw/

Dog

yas

/jas/

Cat

kabsoot

/kabsoːt/

Hand

ay

/aj/

Eye

liili

/liːli/

Hello

salaam

/salaːm/

Thank you

baraʼoo

/baɾaʕoː/

One

gaal

/ɡaːl/

Good

dabaab

/dabaːb/

Words compared

Compared with related Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic, North) languages

Meaning BejaKeraDabaHausaGarhwaliLezgianGedeo
Water yam /jam/ mam /mam/ yam /jam/ ruwa /ɾuwaː/ पाणि /paːɳi/ яд /jad/ woyye /wojːe/
Fire neʼaat /neʔaːt/ ákə̀rə /akərə/ kʷu /kʷu/ wuta /wuta/ आग /aːɡ/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ gira /ɡiɾa/
Sun yint /jint/ kêr /keːɾ/ ɓa /ɓa/ rana /ɾaːnaː/ सूरज /suːraj/ рагъ /raʁ/ ayyaʼne /ajːaʔne/
Moon tirig /tiɾiɡ/ mə̀sə̀rə /məsərə/ paɗ /paɗ/ wata /wata/ चंदा /tʃəndaː/ варз /varz/ agina /aɡina/
Mother indee /iːndeː/ /naː/ mma /mːa/ uwa /uwaː/ ब्वारी /bʷaːriː/ диде /dide/ aaki /aːki/
Father baab /baːb/ /baː/ daa /daː/ uba /ubaː/ बाब /baːb/ буба /buba/ eke /eke/
Eat tame /tame/ /na/ za /za/ ci /tʃiː/ खाणु /kʰaːɳu/ тӏуьн /tʼyn/ ittu /itːu/
Drink gwaʼa /ɡʷaʕa/ /saː/ sa /sa/ sha /ʃaː/ पीण /piːɳ/ хъун /qun/ agittu /aɡitːu/
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