Adi Agom
Adi
Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman, Tani, Western)
Adi (Adi Agom, "people's words") is a major Tani language of Arunachal Pradesh in northeastern India. The Adi people are one of the largest indigenous groups of Arunachal, with multiple sub-tribes (Padam, Minyong, Galo, Pasi, Komkar, Tangam, Bori) speaking mutually intelligible varieties. Tonal with three contrastive tones, polysynthetic verb morphology with hierarchical agreement. The traditional ecological knowledge of the Adi has been documented in the Adi Cultural Studies Centre publications. Major cultural touchstones include the Aran festival and the iconic Galo bridge architecture.
Where it is spoken
20 core words in Adi
Water
ihi
/ihi/
Fire
emi
/emi/
Sun
donyi
/doɲi/
Moon
polo
/polo/
Mother
ane
/ane/
Father
abu
/abu/
Eat
dod
/dod/
Drink
tunam
/tunam/
Love
kanom
/kanom/
Heart
gangki
/ɡaŋki/
Tree
esing
/esiŋ/
House
oekum
/oekum/
Dog
eki
/eki/
Cat
mero
/meɾo/
Hand
ali
/ali/
Eye
amik
/amik/
Hello
nasi sukna
/nasi sukna/
Thank you
nasi
/nasi/
One
ako
/ako/
Good
atom
/atom/
Sources
Words compared
Compared with related Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman, Tani, Western) languages
| Meaning | Adi | Dzongkha | Zeme Naga | Balti | Liturgical Classical Tibetan | Hakha Chin | Khams Tibetan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | ihi /ihi/ | ཆུ /tɕʰu/ | nki /nki/ | ཆུ /tɕʰu/ | ཆུ /tɕʰu/ | ti /ti/ | ཆུ /tɕʰu/ |
| Fire | emi /emi/ | མེ /me/ | mei /mei/ | མེ /me/ | མེ /me/ | mei /mei/ | མེ /me/ |
| Sun | donyi /doɲi/ | ཉི་མ /ɲima/ | sʰeu /sʰeu/ | ཉི་མ /ɲima/ | ཉི་མ /ɲima/ | ni /ni/ | ཉི་མ /ɲima/ |
| Moon | polo /polo/ | ཟླ་བ /dawa/ | kʰu /kʰu/ | ཟླ་བ /dawa/ | ཟླ་བ /dawa/ | thla /tʰla/ | ཟླ་བ /dawa/ |
| Mother | ane /ane/ | ཨ་མ /ama/ | nem /nem/ | ཨ་མ /ama/ | ཨ་མ /ama/ | nu /nu/ | ཨ་མ /ama/ |
| Father | abu /abu/ | ཨ་པ /apa/ | ape /ape/ | ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/ | ཡབ /jab/ | pa /pa/ | ཨ་ཕ /apʰa/ |
| Eat | dod /dod/ | བཟའ /za/ | so /so/ | ཟ /za/ | བཟའ /sa/ | ei /ei/ | ཟ /za/ |
| Drink | tunam /tunam/ | འཐུང /tʰuŋ/ | hʷu /hʷu/ | ཐུང་ /tʰuŋ/ | འཐུང /tʰuŋ/ | din /din/ | འཐུང་ /tʰuŋ/ |
| Love | kanom /kanom/ | དགའ་བ /ɡawa/ | kihai /kihai/ | དགའ་བ /ɡaba/ | བྱམས་པ /tɕampa/ | daw /daw/ | དགའ་པོ /ɡapo/ |
| Heart | gangki /ɡaŋki/ | སྙིང /ɲiŋ/ | heisia /heisia/ | སྙིང /ɲiŋ/ | སྙིང /ɲiŋ/ | lung /luŋ/ | སྙིང་ /ɲiŋ/ |
| Tree | esing /esiŋ/ | ཤིང /ɕiŋ/ | rik /rik/ | ཤིང /ɕiŋ/ | ཤིང /ɕiŋ/ | thingkung /tʰiŋkuŋ/ | ཤིང་ /ɕiŋ/ |
| House | oekum /oekum/ | ཁྱིམ /tɕim/ | ki /ki/ | ཁང་པ /kʰaŋpa/ | ཁང་པ /kʰaŋpa/ | inn /in/ | ཁང་པ /kʰaŋpa/ |
| Dog | eki /eki/ | ཁྱི /tɕi/ | hui /hui/ | ཁྱི /kʰi/ | ཁྱི /tɕʰi/ | ui /ui/ | ཁྱི /kʰi/ |
| Cat | mero /meɾo/ | བྱི་ལ /bila/ | kʰemi /kʰemi/ | བྱི་ལ /bjila/ | ཞི་མི /ʑimi/ | minu /minu/ | ཞི་མི /ʑimi/ |
| Hand | ali /ali/ | ལག་པ /lakpa/ | hak /hak/ | ལག་པ /lakpa/ | ལག་པ /lakpa/ | kut /kut/ | ལག་པ /lakpa/ |
| Eye | amik /amik/ | མིག /mik/ | mik /mik/ | མིག /mik/ | མིག /mik/ | mit /mit/ | མིག /mik/ |
| Hello | nasi sukna /nasi sukna/ | སྐུ་གཟུགས་བཟང་པོ་ལ /kuzu zaŋpo la/ | hangba /haŋba/ | ཨ་སི་ལམ /asilam/ | བཀྲ་ཤིས་བདེ་ལེགས /tʂaʃi delek/ | na dam maw /na dam maw/ | ཨ་རོ /aro/ |
| Thank you | nasi /nasi/ | བཀའ་དྲིན་ཆེ /kadrintɕe/ | kazi /kazi/ | བཀའ་དྲིན་ཆེ /kadrintɕʰe/ | ཐུགས་རྗེ་ཆེ /tʰukdʑe tɕʰe/ | ka lawm /ka lawm/ | ཐུགས་རྗེ་ཆེ /tʰukdʑe tɕʰe/ |
| One | ako /ako/ | གཅིག /tɕik/ | kha /kʰa/ | གཅིག /tɕik/ | གཅིག /tɕik/ | pakhat /pakʰat/ | གཅིག /tɕik/ |
| Good | atom /atom/ | ལེགས་ཤོམ /lekɕom/ | ahei /ahei/ | ཡག་པོ /jakpo/ | ཡག་པོ /jakpo/ | tha /tʰa/ | ཡག་པོ /jakpo/ |
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