Pulik'la'
Yurok
Algic
Yurok (Pulik'la') is one of the two surviving members of the Algic family's "Ritwan" branch (the other being Wiyot, now extinct as L1 since 1962). The Algic family comprises Algonquian (~30 living languages of eastern/central North America), Wiyot, and Yurok — Yurok and Wiyot were spoken in northwestern California, vast distances from the main Algonquian homelands, posing one of the great puzzles of historical linguistics. Modern Yurok is an active language revitalization success story: tribal language programs, the Yurok Tribal Court (which conducts proceedings partly in Yurok), and the Hoopa Valley High School Yurok program produce ~50 young speakers. Linguistically, Yurok preserves classic Algic features (animate-inanimate noun gender, polysynthetic verbs) but shows considerable divergence from Algonquian.
Wo es gesprochen wird
20 Kernwörter in Yurok
Wasser
paaʼ
/paːʔ/
Feuer
meʼlonok
/meʔlonok/
Sonne
woygey
/wojɡej/
Mond
tepoo
/tepoː/
Mutter
nepuy
/nepuj/
Vater
nopew
/nopew/
Essen
kepoyi
/kepoji/
Trinken
kewolepi
/kewolepi/
Liebe
choʼomi
/tʃoʔomi/
Herz
skoʼol
/skoʔol/
Baum
kʼepoy
/kʼepoj/
Haus
kerwer
/kerwer/
Hund
chishʼah
/tʃiʃʔah/
Katze
putuy
/putuj/
Hand
mehl
/mehl/
Auge
lekwsh
/lekwʃ/
Hallo
aiy-yue-kwee
/aj-juːkweː/
Danke
wokhlew
/wokʰlew/
Eins
kohchew
/kohtʃew/
Gut
skuyahl
/skujahl/
Quellen
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Algic-Sprachen
| Bedeutung | Yurok | Qʼeqchiʼ | Mixtepec-Mixteco | Mixtekisch | Pipil | Metlatónoc-Mixtekisch | Huichol |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | paaʼ /paːʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | ndute /nduteʔ/ | ndute /nduteʔ/ | at /at/ | ndute /nduteʔ/ | ha /ha/ |
| Feuer | meʼlonok /meʔlonok/ | xam /ʃam/ | ñu'u /ɲuʔu/ | ñu'u /ɲuʔu/ | tit /tit/ | ñu'un /ɲuʔun/ | tai /tai/ |
| Sonne | woygey /wojɡej/ | saqʼe /saqʼe/ | nikan /nikan/ | nikandii /nikandiː/ | tunal /tunal/ | nikandii /nikandiː/ | tau /tau/ |
| Mond | tepoo /tepoː/ | poo /poː/ | yoo /joː/ | yoo /joː/ | metsti /metsti/ | yoo /joː/ | metsa /metsa/ |
| Mutter | nepuy /nepuj/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | na'án /naʔán/ | na'án /naʔán/ | nan /nan/ | na'án /naʔán/ | nana /nana/ |
| Vater | nopew /nopew/ | yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ | tatá /tatá/ | tatá /tatá/ | tat /tat/ | tatá /tatá/ | yawe /jawe/ |
| Essen | kepoyi /kepoji/ | taawaʼ /tawaʔ/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | kasi /kasi/ | takwa /takwa/ | kasi /kasi/ | kuye /kuje/ |
| Trinken | kewolepi /kewolepi/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | kohó /koʔó/ | kohó /koʔó/ | ati /ati/ | kohó /koʔó/ | hi'eka /hiʔeka/ |
| Liebe | choʼomi /tʃoʔomi/ | rahok /rahok/ | kúu ini /kúu iniʔ/ | kúu ini /kúu iniʔ/ | nesa /nesa/ | kunduu ini /kundúː iniʔ/ | kanenki /kanenki/ |
| Herz | skoʼol /skoʔol/ | chʼoolej /tʃʼoːlej/ | ini /iniʔ/ | ini /iniʔ/ | yulu /julu/ | ini /iniʔ/ | iyari /ijari/ |
| Baum | kʼepoy /kʼepoj/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | yutu /jutu/ | yutu /jutu/ | kwawit /kʷawit/ | itun /itun/ | kiyé /kije/ |
| Haus | kerwer /kerwer/ | ochoch /otʃotʃ/ | veʔe /veʔe/ | ve'e /βeʔe/ | kal /kal/ | ve'e /βeʔe/ | ki /ki/ |
| Hund | chishʼah /tʃiʃʔah/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | ina /ina/ | tina /tina/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ | tina /tina/ | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ |
| Katze | putuy /putuj/ | mes /mes/ | vilú /vilú/ | vilú /βilú/ | mishin /miʃin/ | vilu /βilu/ | mitsu /mitsu/ |
| Hand | mehl /mehl/ | ruqʼ /ruqʼ/ | ndo'ó /ndoʔó/ | ndo'ó /ndoʔó/ | mey /mei/ | nda'a /ndaʔa/ | mama /mama/ |
| Auge | lekwsh /lekwʃ/ | xnaqʼ ru /ʃnaqʼ ru/ | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | ish /iʃ/ | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | tukite /tukite/ |
| Hallo | aiy-yue-kwee /aj-juːkweː/ | ma saʼ laachʼool /ma sa laːtʃʼoːl/ | nasáa /nasáː/ | nasáa /nasáː/ | ne pakua /ne pakwa/ | sa'a /saʔa/ | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ |
| Danke | wokhlew /wokʰlew/ | bantyox /bantjoʃ/ | tachu'un /tatʃuʔun/ | tachu'un /tatʃuʔun/ | padiush /padjuʃ/ | tatu'un /tatuʔun/ | pa'iwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ |
| Eins | kohchew /kohtʃew/ | jun /hun/ | in /iʔn/ | in /iʔn/ | se /se/ | i'in /iʔin/ | xevi /ʃevi/ |
| Gut | skuyahl /skujahl/ | us /us/ | vaha /vahaʔ/ | vate /βate/ | kwahli /kʷahli/ | vaha /vahaʔ/ | waxa /waʃa/ |
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