Runa simi
Klassisches Quechua
Quechua · historische / verborgene Varietät
Klassisches Quechua (Runa simi) war die Lingua franca des Inka-Reichs (Tawantinsuyu) im 15.-16. Jh. Die Inka hatten kein eigentliches Schriftsystem, sondern verwendeten Khipus (geknotete Schnüre). Modernes Cuzco-Quechua ist der nächste lebende Verwandte.
Wo es gesprochen wird
31 Kernwörter in Klassisches Quechua
Wasser
yaku
/jaku/
Feuer
nina
/nina/
Sonne
inti
/inti/
Mond
killa
/kiʎa/
Stern
quyllur
/qojʎur/
Mutter
mama
/mama/
Vater
tayta
/tajta/
Ich
ñuqa
/ɲoqa/
Du
qam
/qam/
Name
suti
/suti/
Auge
ñawi
/ɲawi/
Hand
maki
/maki/
Herz
sunqu
/suŋqu/
Liebe
munay
/munaj/
Baum
sach'a
/satʃʼa/
Haus
wasi
/wasi/
Hund
allqu
/aʎqu/
Katze
misi
/misi/
Essen
mikhuy
/mikʰuj/
Trinken
upyay
/upjaj/
Eins
huk
/huk/
Zwei
iskay
/iskaj/
Hallo
rimaykullayki
/rimajkuʎajki/
Danke
añay
/aɲaj/
Gut
allin
/aʎin/
Computer
yupana
/juˈpana/
Quellen
- Santo Tomas, Domingo de (1560) Grammatica o arte de la lengua general de los indios de los reynos del Peru. Valladolid
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Quechuan-Sprachen
| Bedeutung | Klassisches Quechua | Cusco-Quechua | Ayacucho-Quechua | Quechua | Aymara | Jaqaru | Misak |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | yaku /jaku/ | unu /unu/ | yaku /jaku/ | yaku /jaku/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | unø /unø/ |
| Feuer | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nipi /nipi/ |
| Sonne | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | shi /ʃi/ |
| Mond | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ | phaxshi /pʰaχʃi/ | atru /atɾu/ |
| Stern | quyllur /qojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎʊr/ | warawara /waɾawaɾa/ | wara /waɾa/ | kualøm /kwalʌm/ |
| Mutter | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ |
| Vater | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tata /tata/ | awki /awki/ | tata /tata/ |
| Ich | ñuqa /ɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲʊqa/ | naya /naja/ | naya /naja/ | na /na/ |
| Du | qam /qam/ | qan /qan/ | qam /qam/ | qam /qam/ | juma /huma/ | juma /huma/ | ñui /ɲui/ |
| Name | suti /suti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /suti/ | suti /suti/ | wetø /wetʌ/ |
| Auge | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | nayra /najɾa/ | nayra /najɾa/ | kab /kab/ |
| Hand | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | mar /maɾ/ |
| Herz | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | mun /mun/ |
| Liebe | munay /munaj/ | munay /munaj/ | kuyay /kujaj/ | munay /munaj/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | kausrap /kawsɾap/ |
| Baum | sach'a /satʃʼa/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | quqa /quqa/ | qhura /qʰuɾa/ | yu /ju/ |
| Haus | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | uta /uta/ | uta /uta/ | ya /ja/ |
| Hund | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | anu /anu/ | anu /anu/ | kuchi /kutʃi/ |
| Katze | misi /misi/ | misi /misi/ | michi /mitʃi/ | misi /misi/ | phisi /pʰisi/ | phishi /pʰiʃi/ | mishi /miʃi/ |
| Essen | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikuy /mikuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ | mankaña /mankaɲa/ | mɵ /mɵ/ |
| Trinken | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | ushi /uʃi/ |
| Eins | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | maya /maja/ | maya /maja/ | kan /kan/ |
| Zwei | iskay /iskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | paya /paja/ | paya /paja/ | pa /pa/ |
| Hallo | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | napaykullayki /napajkuʎajki/ | allillanchu /aʎiʎantʃu/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ | kamishti /kamiʃti/ | ma'rik /maʔɾik/ |
| Danke | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | sulpayki /sulpajki/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ | yuspaa /juspaː/ | payn /pajn/ |
| Gut | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | suma /suma/ | shuma /ʃuma/ | kausrik /kawsɾik/ |
| Computer | yupana /juˈpana/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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