Kebalan
Kavalan
Austronesian (East Formosan)
Kavalan (Kebalan) is a critically endangered East Formosan Austronesian language of eastern Taiwan, with only around two dozen fluent elderly speakers concentrated in Hualien (Sinshe/Paterungan villages) and remembered in Yilan. Officially recognized as a separate Indigenous people of Taiwan in 2002 after a long campaign. Typologically conservative within Austronesian: retains Proto-Austronesian *R as /x/ (e.g. zanuR > zanum-related cognates), preserves a four-way Philippine-type voice system, and shows VOS basic order. Revitalization efforts include the CIP "Language Nest" program.
Wo es gesprochen wird
20 Kernwörter in Kavalan
Wasser
zanum
/zaˈnum/
Feuer
ramax
/raˈmax/
Sonne
siban
/siˈban/
Mond
buran
/buˈran/
Mutter
tina
/ˈtina/
Vater
tama
/ˈtama/
Essen
quman
/quˈman/
Trinken
mimum
/miˈmum/
Liebe
—
/—/
Herz
—
/—/
Baum
kasuy
/kaˈsuj/
Haus
lepaw
/ləˈpaw/
Hund
wasu
/waˈsu/
Katze
ngiyaw
/ŋiˈjaw/
Hand
rima
/riˈma/
Auge
mata
/maˈta/
Hallo
—
/—/
Danke
—
/—/
Eins
issa
/ˈissa/
Gut
—
/—/
Quellen
- Li, Paul Jen-kuei & Tsuchida, Shigeru (2006) Kavalan Dictionary. Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taipei.
- Li, Paul Jen-kuei & Tsuchida, Shigeru (2006) Kavalan Texts. Academia Sinica.
- Glottolog: Kavalan
- Council of Indigenous Peoples (Taiwan): Kebalan / Kavalan language resources
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Austronesian (East Formosan)-Sprachen
| Bedeutung | Kavalan | Bukar-Sadong-Bidayuh | Babuza (Favorlang) | Maguindanao | Makasae | Kulon-Pazeh | Matsés |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | zanum /zaˈnum/ | piin /piːn/ | zalum /zalum/ | ig /ʔiɡ/ | ira /ˈira/ | dalum /da.lum/ | mapi /maˈpi/ |
| Feuer | ramax /raˈmax/ | apui /aˈpui/ | apoi /apoi/ | apoy /ʔaˈpoj/ | ata /ˈata/ | hapuy /ha.puj/ | tsibo /tsiˈbo/ |
| Sonne | siban /siˈban/ | biduh /biˈduh/ | — /—/ | senang /seˈnaŋ/ | watu /ˈwatu/ | rizax /ɾi.zax/ | šëdo /ʂɨˈdo/ |
| Mond | buran /buˈran/ | bulan /buˈlan/ | zilias /siliəs/ | bulan /buˈlan/ | uru /ˈuru/ | ilas /i.las/ | use /uˈse/ |
| Mutter | tina /ˈtina/ | sindo /sinˈdoʔ/ | tina /tina/ | ina /ˈʔina/ | ina /ˈina/ | ina /i.na/ | ëna /ɨˈna/ |
| Vater | tama /ˈtama/ | samah /saˈmah/ | tama /tama/ | ama /ˈʔama/ | baba /ˈbaba/ | aba /a.ba/ | papa /paˈpa/ |
| Essen | quman /quˈman/ | kuman /kuˈman/ | maan /maːn/ | kakan /kaˈkan/ | nawa /ˈnawa/ | mekan /mə.kan/ | pe- /pe/ |
| Trinken | mimum /miˈmum/ | ŋinum /ŋiˈnum/ | minum /minum/ | inum /ʔiˈnum/ | gehe /ˈɡɛhɛ/ | mimaazip /mi.maː.zip/ | ak- /ak/ |
| Liebe | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | kalini /kaˈlini/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Herz | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | pusong /puˈsoŋ/ | — /—/ | baga /ba.ɡa/ | šobi /ʂoˈbi/ |
| Baum | kasuy /kaˈsuj/ | kayuh /kaˈjuh/ | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaˈju/ | ate /ˈate/ | kahuy /ka.huj/ | mado /maˈdo/ |
| Haus | lepaw /ləˈpaw/ | ramin /raˈmin/ | ruma /ruma/ | walay /waˈlaj/ | oma /ˈoma/ | xuma /xu.ma/ | šobo /ʂoˈbo/ |
| Hund | wasu /waˈsu/ | kaso /kaˈsoʔ/ | asu /asu/ | aso /ˈʔaso/ | defa /ˈdɛfa/ | wazu /wa.zu/ | opa /oˈpa/ |
| Katze | ngiyaw /ŋiˈjaw/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | kuting /kuˈtiŋ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Hand | rima /riˈma/ | təŋən /tə̆ˈŋən/ | rima /rima/ | lima /liˈma/ | tana /ˈtana/ | rima /ɾi.ma/ | mëbi /mɨˈbi/ |
| Auge | mata /maˈta/ | baten /baˈten/ | macha /matʃa/ | mata /maˈta/ | nana /ˈnana/ | daurik /da.u.ɾik/ | bëdi /bɨˈdi/ |
| Hallo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | assalamu alaikum /assaˈlamu ʔaˈlajkum/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Danke | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | sukran /ˈsukɾan/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Eins | issa /ˈissa/ | isaʔ /iˈsaʔ/ | nata /nata/ | isa /ˈʔisa/ | u /ʔu/ | adang /a.daŋ/ | pazë /paˈzɨ/ |
| Gut | — /—/ | biis /biːs/ | — /—/ | mapiya /maˈpija/ | rau /rau/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
Teil von LangMap — einem Projekt zur Sprachvisualisierung. Dies ist eine statische, crawlbare Zusammenfassung; die interaktiven Karten bieten Ausspracheaudio, Filter und eine Globusansicht.