Qašqāyī (قشقایی)
卡什加伊話
Turkic (Oghuz, South Oghuz)
Qashqai (Qašqāyī) is a South Oghuz Turkic language spoken by the Qashqai tribal confederation of Fars Province in south-central Iran, with significant populations also in Bushehr, Kohgiluyeh-Boyer-Ahmad, Isfahan and Khuzestan. Despite being geographically isolated from the main Oghuz heartland (Anatolia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan), it is genealogically closest to Azerbaijani — sharing the Oghuz vowel harmony, agglutinative case suffixes, and personal endings — rather than to Turkish. Centuries of contact with Persian and Lori have produced extensive Iranian lexical borrowing and some calques in subordination patterns (Csató 2005). The Qashqai people remain partially nomadic, conducting one of the world's largest surviving long-distance seasonal migrations (ilraah) between summer pastures in the Zagros highlands and winter quarters in the southern lowlands. There is no codified standard orthography; Perso-Arabic is used in publications and Latin in scholarship.
使用地區
卡什加伊話嘅20個核心詞
水
su
/su/
火
od
/od/
日頭
gün
/ɟyn/
月光
ay
/aj/
母親
ana
/ana/
父親
ata
/ata/
食
yemek
/jeˈmæc/
飲
içmek
/itʃˈmæc/
愛
sevgi
/sevˈɟi/
心
ürek
/yˈɾæc/
樹
ağaç
/aˈʁatʃ/
屋
ev
/ev/
狗
it
/it/
貓
pišik
/piˈʃic/
手
el
/el/
眼
göz
/ɟøz/
你好
salam
/saˈlam/
多謝
sağ olun
/sɑːʁ oˈlun/
一
bir
/biɾ/
好
yaxşı
/jaxˈʃɯ/
來源
- Csató, Éva Á. (2005) "On copying in Kashkay", in Linguistic Convergence and Areal Diffusion: Case Studies from Iranian, Semitic and Turkic. Routledge, pp. 271-283
- Soper, John (1996) Loan Syntax in Turkic and Iranian. Eurolingua
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1988) Grammatik des Chaladsch. Harrassowitz (comparative South Oghuz reference)
- Glottolog: Qashqa'i
- Ethnologue: qxq
單詞比較
同Turkic (Oghuz, South Oghuz)相關語言比較
| 意思 | 卡什加伊話 | 南阿塞拜疆語 | 加告茲語 | 喀喇汗語 | 阿塞拜疆語 | 卡拉卡爾帕克語 | 庫梅克語 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水 | su /su/ | سو /su/ | su /su/ | suw /suw/ | su /su/ | suw /suw/ | сув /suv/ |
| 火 | od /od/ | اوْد /od/ | ateş /aˈteʃ/ | ot /ot/ | od /od/ | ot /ot/ | от /ot/ |
| 日頭 | gün /ɟyn/ | گۆنش /ɡyneʃ/ | güneş /ɟyˈneʃ/ | kün /kyn/ | günəş /ɟynæʃ/ | kún /kyn/ | гюн /ɡyn/ |
| 月光 | ay /aj/ | آی /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ay /ɑj/ | ay /aj/ | ай /aj/ |
| 母親 | ana /ana/ | آنا /ana/ | ana /aˈna/ | ana /ana/ | ana /ɑnɑ/ | ana /ana/ | ана /ana/ |
| 父親 | ata /ata/ | آتا /ata/ | boba /boˈba/ | ata /ata/ | ata /ɑtɑ/ | ata /ata/ | ата /ata/ |
| 食 | yemek /jeˈmæc/ | یئمک /jemæk/ | imää /iˈmæː/ | yi- /ji/ | yemək /jemæc/ | jew /ʒew/ | ашамакъ /aʃamaq/ |
| 飲 | içmek /itʃˈmæc/ | ایچمک /itʃmæk/ | içmää /itʃˈmæː/ | ič- /itʃ/ | içmək /ɪtʃmæc/ | ishiw /iʃiw/ | ичмек /itʃmek/ |
| 愛 | sevgi /sevˈɟi/ | سئوگی /sevɡi/ | sevgi /sevˈɟi/ | sevgü /sevɡy/ | sevgi /sevɟi/ | muhabbat /muhabbat/ | сюйюв /syjyv/ |
| 心 | ürek /yˈɾæc/ | اۆرک /yræk/ | üräk /yˈræk/ | yürek /jyrek/ | ürək /yɾæc/ | júrek /ʒyɾek/ | юрек /jyrek/ |
| 樹 | ağaç /aˈʁatʃ/ | آغاج /ɑɣɑdʒ/ | aaç /aːtʃ/ | ığač /ɯɣatʃ/ | ağac /ɑɣɑdʒ/ | ag'ash /aʁaʃ/ | терек /terek/ |
| 屋 | ev /ev/ | ائو /ev/ | ev /ev/ | ev /ev/ | ev /ev/ | úy /yj/ | уьй /yj/ |
| 狗 | it /it/ | ایت /it/ | köpek /køˈpek/ | it /it/ | it /ɪt/ | iyt /ijt/ | ит /it/ |
| 貓 | pišik /piˈʃic/ | پیشیک /piʃik/ | kedi /keˈdi/ | piši /piʃi/ | pişik /pɪʃɪc/ | pishik /piʃik/ | мишик /miʃik/ |
| 手 | el /el/ | اَل /æl/ | el /el/ | qol /qol/ | əl /æl/ | qol /qol/ | къол /qol/ |
| 眼 | göz /ɟøz/ | گؤز /ɡøz/ | göz /ɟøz/ | köz /køz/ | göz /ɟøz/ | kóz /køz/ | гёз /ɡøz/ |
| 你好 | salam /saˈlam/ | سلام /sælam/ | selam /seˈlam/ | salām /salaːm/ | salam /sɑlɑm/ | salam /salam/ | ассаламу алейкум /asːalamu alejkum/ |
| 多謝 | sağ olun /sɑːʁ oˈlun/ | ساغ اول /saɣ ol/ | saa ol /saː ol/ | tabug /tabuɡ/ | təşəkkür /tæʃecːyɾ/ | rahmet /ɾaχmet/ | савбол /savbol/ |
| 一 | bir /biɾ/ | بیر /bir/ | bir /bir/ | bir /bir/ | bir /bɪɾ/ | bir /biɾ/ | бир /bir/ |
| 好 | yaxşı /jaxˈʃɯ/ | یاخشی /jaxʃɯ/ | ii /iː/ | yaqšı /jaqʃɯ/ | yaxşı /jɑxʃɯ/ | jaqsi /ʒaqsɯ/ | яхшы /jaχʃə/ |
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