Аршаттен чӀат

Artchi

NE Caucasian (Lezgic — isolated within Lezgic; not part of any subgroup)

FamilleNE Caucasian (Lezgic — isolated within Lezgic; not part of any subgroup) Locuteurs~1K (severely endangered) ÉcritureCyrillic PaysRussia Langue officielleRussia Vitalitéseverely-endangered ISO 639-3aqc

Archi (Аршаттен чӀат Aršatten Tʼat) is a Northeast Caucasian language isolated within the Lezgic branch — it does not cluster with Lezgian-Tabasaran-Tsakhur, Aghul, or any other Lezgic subgroup, occupying its own taxonomic position. Spoken by ~1,000 people in the single village of Archi (Charoda District, Daghestan), Archi is famous in linguistic literature for having one of the most morphologically complex inflectional systems documented: Kibrik's 1977 reference grammar calculated up to 1.5 million possible verb forms per single root through combination of TAM markers, polypersonal agreement, evidentiality, and modality. The Archi consonant inventory includes ~70 phonemes with extensive use of pharyngealization and ejectives.

Où elle est parlée

20 mots essentiels en Artchi

Eau

лъан

/ɬan/

Feu

цӏай

/tsʼaj/

Soleil

бараг

/baɾaɡ/

Lune

батӏ

/batʼ/

Mère

буба

/buba/

Père

аба

/aba/

Manger

аркьилӏ

/aɾqʼili/

Boire

а́ккур

/ʔakːur/

Amour

икан

/ikan/

Cœur

ракӏ

/ɾakʼ/

Arbre

гард

/ɡaɾd/

Maison

хъоʔ

/qoʔ/

Chien

хӏвай

/ħʷaj/

Chat

к̄ет

/kʼet/

Main

кӏанас

/kʼanas/

Œil

пӏарак

/pʼaɾak/

Bonjour

аимбир

/ambiɾ/

Merci

хӏама

/ħama/

Un

ос

/os/

Bon

баилъи

/baiɬi/

Sources

Mots comparés

Comparé aux langues NE Caucasian (Lezgic — isolated within Lezgic; not part of any subgroup) apparentées

Sens ArtchiTsezdargwaAndiTsakhourAghoulBats
Eau лъан /ɬan/ лъи /ɬi/ шин /ʃin/ лъен /ɬen/ хьад /ħad/ хьед /ħed/ ხი /xi/
Feu цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏи /tsʼi/ цӏа /tsʼa/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ ცʼე /tsʼe/
Soleil бараг /baɾaɡ/ буцӏ /butsʼ/ берхӏи /beɾħi/ миллӏи /milːi/ верг /verɡ/ рагъ /raʁ/ მაცხ /matsx/
Lune батӏ /batʼ/ бутӏтӏи /butʼːi/ баз /baz/ борцӏцӏо /bortsʼːo/ ваз /vaz/ ваз /vaz/ ბუცʼ /butsʼ/
Mère буба /buba/ баб /bab/ нес /nes/ ила /ila/ йед /jed/ баб /bab/ ნანა /nana/
Père аба /aba/ обу /obu/ атта /atːa/ има /ima/ дакӏ /dakʼ/ ада /ada/ დადა /dada/
Manger аркьилӏ /aɾqʼili/ ишер /iʃer/ букӏан /bukʼan/ икъвин /iqʷːin/ аӏкӏвыс /aʕkʷʼəs/ ифи /ifi/ ჲაა /jaː/
Boire а́ккур /ʔakːur/ жекер /ʒeker/ даркьес /daɾqʼes/ игьин /iɣin/ ийыхьес /iijəħes/ ахъан /aqʼan/ მალარ /malar/
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