Yélî Dnye

Yele

Language isolate (sometimes grouped Yele-West New Britain)

FamilyLanguage isolate (sometimes grouped Yele-West New Britain) Speakers~4–5K ScriptLatin (with diacritics for ~90 consonants) CountriesPapua New Guinea (Rossel Island, Milne Bay Province) Official inNo ISO 639-3yle Glottocodeyele1255

Yélî Dnye is a language isolate spoken by roughly 4,000–5,000 people on Rossel Island, the easternmost island of the Louisiade Archipelago off Papua New Guinea. It has one of the largest phonemic inventories in the world (around 90 consonants, including doubly articulated stops and a contrast between simple and palatalized series), an extraordinarily complex portmanteau tense/aspect/person system with thousands of irregular verb forms, and gendered avoidance vocabulary (women avoid certain words associated with the sea).

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Yele

Water

mbwaa

/mbʷaː/

Fire

ndê

/ndɘ/

Sun

kââdî

/kaːdɨ/

Moon

d:ââ

/dːaː/

Star

/—/

Mother

pye

/pje/

Father

m:aa

/mːaː/

I

/nə/

You

nyi

/ɲi/

Name

ngmê

/ŋmə/

Eye

ngwolo

/ŋʷolo/

Hand

kêê

/kɘː/

Heart

gha

/ɣa/

Love

/—/

Tree

yi

/ji/

House

ngomo

/ŋomo/

Dog

w:ââ

/wːaː/

Cat

/—/

Eat

ma

/ma/

Drink

ndanî

/ndaˈnɨ/

One

ngmidi

/ŋmidi/

Two

miyó

/mʲó/

Hello

mw:aandiye

/mʷaːndije/

Thank you

mw:ââkó

/mʷaːˈkɔ/

Good

mb:aa

/mbːaː/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Language isolate (sometimes grouped Yele-West New Britain) languages

Meaning YeleLhomiHopiKeraBukar-Sadong BidayuhWiradjuriProto-Kra-Dai
Water mbwaa /mbʷaː/ ཆུ་ /tɕʰu˥/ paahu /paɑhu/ mam /mam/ piin /piːn/ galing /ˈɡaliŋ/ *naːm /naːm/
Fire ndê /ndɘ/ མེ་ /me˥/ kukvay /kukvɑj/ ákə̀rə /akərə/ apui /aˈpui/ wiiny /wiːɲ/ *vɤj /vɤj/
Sun kââdî /kaːdɨ/ ཉི་མ་ /ɲi˥ma˩/ taawa /tɑːwɑ/ kêr /keːɾ/ biduh /biˈduh/ yiray /ˈjiɻaj/ /—/
Moon d:ââ /dːaː/ ཟླ་བ་ /dawa˩/ muuyaw /muːjɑw/ mə̀sə̀rə /məsərə/ bulan /buˈlan/ giwang /ˈɡiwaŋ/ /—/
Star /—/ སྐར་མ /karma˥/ soohu /soːhɨ/ tùwrò /tuwro/ bitun /bitun/ giralang /ˈɡiɻalaŋ/ /—/
Mother pye /pje/ ཨ་མ་ /ʔama˩/ yu'at /juʔɑt/ /naː/ sindo /sinˈdoʔ/ gunhi /ˈɡun̪i/ /—/
Father m:aa /mːaː/ ཨ་པ་ /ʔapa˩/ na'at /nɑʔɑt/ /baː/ samah /saˈmah/ babiin /ˈbabiːn/ /—/
I /nə/ /ŋà/ nuʼ /nɨʔ/ kə́ŋ /kəŋ/ aku /aku/ ngadhu /ˈŋad̪u/ *kuː /kuː/
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