Yélî Dnye

Yele

Language isolate (sometimes grouped Yele-West New Britain)

FamilyLanguage isolate (sometimes grouped Yele-West New Britain) Speakers~4-5K ScriptLatin (with diacritics for ~90 consonants) CountriesPapua New Guinea (Rossel Island, Milne Bay Province) Official inNo ISO 639-3yle Glottocodeyele1255

Yélî Dnye is a language isolate spoken by roughly 4,000–5,000 people on Rossel Island, the easternmost island of the Louisiade Archipelago off Papua New Guinea. It has one of the largest phonemic inventories in the world (around 90 consonants, including doubly articulated stops and a contrast between simple and palatalized series), an extraordinarily complex portmanteau tense/aspect/person system with thousands of irregular verb forms, and gendered avoidance vocabulary (women avoid certain words associated with the sea).

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Yele

Water

mbwaa

/mbʷaː/

Fire

ndê

/ndɘ/

Sun

kââdî

/kaːdɨ/

Moon

d:ââ

/dːaː/

Mother

pye

/pje/

Father

m:aa

/mːaː/

Eat

ma

/ma/

Drink

ndanî

/ndaˈnɨ/

Love

/—/

Heart

gha

/ɣa/

Tree

yi

/ji/

House

ngomo

/ŋomo/

Dog

w:ââ

/wːaː/

Cat

/—/

Hand

kêê

/kɘː/

Eye

ngwolo

/ŋʷolo/

Hello

mw:aandiye

/mʷaːndije/

Thank you

mw:ââkó

/mʷaːˈkɔ/

One

ngmidi

/ŋmidi/

Good

mb:aa

/mbːaː/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Language isolate (sometimes grouped Yele-West New Britain) languages

Meaning YeleLhomiBukar-Sadong BidayuhKuviKeraMycenaean GreekTaa (!Xóõ)
Water mbwaa /mbʷaː/ ཆུ་ /tɕʰu˥/ piin /piːn/ ēru /eːru/ mam /mam/ 𐀓𐀈 /hudɔːr/ ǃqhàa /ǃqʰaː/
Fire ndê /ndɘ/ མེ་ /me˥/ apui /aˈpui/ nēsi /neːsi/ ákə̀rə /akərə/ 𐀢 /pyːr/ ǀʼàã /ǀʼãː/
Sun kââdî /kaːdɨ/ ཉི་མ་ /ɲi˥ma˩/ biduh /biˈduh/ vēla /ʋeːla/ kêr /keːɾ/ 𐀀𐀺𐀂𐀍 /haːwelios/ ǁʼân /ǁʼã/
Moon d:ââ /dːaː/ ཟླ་བ་ /dawa˩/ bulan /buˈlan/ lēnʒu /leːnd͡ʒu/ mə̀sə̀rə /məsərə/ 𐀕 /mɛːn/ ǃqhàn /ǃqʰã/
Mother pye /pje/ ཨ་མ་ /ʔama˩/ sindo /sinˈdoʔ/ āva /aːʋa/ /naː/ 𐀔𐀳 /maːtɛːr/ qáe /qae/
Father m:aa /mːaː/ ཨ་པ་ /ʔapa˩/ samah /saˈmah/ bāva /baːʋa/ /baː/ 𐀞𐀳 /patɛːr/ a̰a /a̰a/
Eat ma /ma/ ཟ་ /sa˩/ kuman /kuˈman/ tinba /tinba/ /na/ 𐀁𐀈𐀕𐀙 /edmenai/ ʼâã /ʔãː/
Drink ndanî /ndaˈnɨ/ འཐུང་ /tʰuŋ˩/ ŋinum /ŋiˈnum/ unba /unba/ /saː/ 𐀡𐀜 /piːnɔː/ kxʼāhã /kxʼaːhã/
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