Tachiwíin

Coyutla Totonac

Totonacan

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Coyutla Totonac is one of several Totonac varieties spoken in the Sierra de Papantla mountains of northern Veracruz, Mexico. The Totonacan language family is one of Mesoamerica's smallest, with Totonac (~250K total across all varieties) and Tepehua as its only two branches; it is not demonstrably related to any larger family despite shared areal features with neighboring Otomanguean and Uto-Aztecan languages. Totonac speakers are renowned globally for the Voladores ceremony — Indigenous ritual aerial dancers who descend on ropes from a 30-meter pole, a practice inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (2009). Coyutla and other Sierra varieties also preserve traditional vanilla cultivation, a Totonacan domesticate that became globally important via Spanish colonial trade.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Coyutla Totonac

Water

xkán

/ʃkán/

Fire

lhk'uyat

/ɬkʼujat/

Sun

chichiní

/tʃitʃiní/

Moon

papá

/papá/

Mother

tsé

/tsé/

Father

tlat

/tɬat/

Eat

waan

/waːn/

Drink

oqoo

/oqoː/

Love

pa'ksuu

/paʔksuː/

Heart

naku

/naku/

Tree

k'iwi

/kʼiwi/

House

chiki

/tʃiki/

Dog

chichi

/tʃitʃi/

Cat

mishtu

/miʃtu/

Hand

maka

/maka/

Eye

lakgastapu

/lakɡastapu/

Hello

tlen lhítat

/tɬen ɬítat/

Thank you

pa'xkatkatsiniyán

/paʔʃkatkatsinijan/

One

aktum

/aktum/

Good

tlen

/tɬen/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Totonacan languages

Meaning Coyutla TotonacNawatShipibo-ConiboSandaweGilberteseAguacatecoMisak
Water xkán /ʃkán/ at /at/ jene /xene/ tsʼa /tsʼa/ ran /ɾan/ /aʔ/ unø /unø/
Fire lhk'uyat /ɬkʼujat/ tit /tit/ chii /tʃiː/ tsʼoo /tsʼoː/ ai /ai/ qʼaq /qʼaq/ nipi /nipi/
Sun chichiní /tʃitʃiní/ tunal /tunal/ bari /bari/ kʼɔɔ /kʼɔː/ tai /tai/ qʼijl /qʼihl/ shi /ʃi/
Moon papá /papá/ metsti /metsti/ oxe /oʃe/ tsoa /tsoa/ namwakaina /namʷakaina/ xahaw /ʃahaw/ atru /atɾu/
Mother tsé /tsé/ nan /nan/ tita /tita/ yei /jei/ tinau /tinau/ naa /naː/ mama /mama/
Father tlat /tɬat/ tat /tat/ papa /papa/ ai /ai/ tamau /tamau/ mam /mam/ tata /tata/
Eat waan /waːn/ takwa /takwa/ piti /piti/ ǁee /ǁeː/ amwarake /amʷaɾake/ wii /wiː/ /mɵ/
Drink oqoo /oqoː/ ati /ati/ xeati /ʃeati/ ʔee /ʔeː/ nima /nima/ uuk /uːk/ ushi /uʃi/
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