کوردیی خوارین

Southern Kurdish

Indo-European (Iranian, Northwest, Kurdish)

FamilyIndo-European (Iranian, Northwest, Kurdish) Speakers~3M (largely undercounted in censuses) ScriptPerso-Arabic (Sorani-style; mostly oral; written in Sorani-Kurdish or Persian) CountriesIran (Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan provinces), Iraq (small border villages) Official inNo (Iran does not recognize regional Kurdish standards beyond Sorani in Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3sdh

Southern Kurdish (also Kermashani, Pehlewani, Kelhori, or Lekî) is the southernmost branch of the Kurdish languages, distinct from Kurmanji (ku, Northern) and Sorani (ckb, Central). Spoken across western Iran (Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan) by ~3 million people, it has been long subsumed under "Kurdish" in Iranian census data, leading to undercount. Southern Kurdish lacks ergative alignment (unlike Sorani) and has retained certain archaic Iranian features, while sharing core Kurdish vocabulary with Kurmanji and Sorani. The Lekî sub-variety is sometimes treated as separate from mainstream Southern Kurdish.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Southern Kurdish

Water

ئاو

/ɑːw/

Fire

ئاگر

/ɑːɡɪɾ/

Sun

رۆژ

/ɾoʒ/

Moon

ماهنگ

/mɑːhænɡ/

Mother

دالگ

/dɑːlɡ/

Father

باوگ

/bɑːwɡ/

Eat

خواردن

/xwɑːɾdən/

Drink

خواردن

/xwɑːɾdən/

Love

عەشق

/æʃq/

Heart

دڵ

/dɪɫ/

Tree

دار

/dɑːɾ/

House

ماڵ

/mɑːɫ/

Dog

سگ

/sæɡ/

Cat

پشی

/pʃiː/

Hand

دەس

/dæs/

Eye

چەو

/tʃæw/

Hello

سڵاو

/sɫɑːw/

Thank you

سپاس

/spɑːs/

One

یەک

/jæk/

Good

خاس

/xɑːs/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European (Iranian, Northwest, Kurdish) languages

Meaning Southern KurdishKurdish (Sorani)KurdishLurishMazandaraniGilakiJudeo-Persian
Water ئاو /ɑːw/ ئاو /ɑːw/ av /ɑːv/ او /ɒw/ آو /ɒːv/ او /ɒːb/ אב /ɒːb/
Fire ئاگر /ɑːɡɪɾ/ ئاگر /ɑːɡɪɾ/ agir /ɑɡɪɾ/ تش /tæʃ/ تش /tæʃ/ تش /tæʃ/ אתש /ɒːteʃ/
Sun رۆژ /ɾoʒ/ خۆر /xoːɾ/ roj /ɾoːʒ/ هور /hor/ آفتاب /ɒːftɒːb/ آفتاب /ɒːftɒːb/ חורשיד /xorʃiːd/
Moon ماهنگ /mɑːhænɡ/ مانگ /mɑːŋɡ/ heyv /hejv/ مانگ /mɒːŋɡ/ مونگ /muŋɡ/ ماه /mɒːh/ מאה /mɒːh/
Mother دالگ /dɑːlɡ/ دایک /dɑːjɪk/ /dɛː/ دا /dɒː/ مار /mɒːɾ/ ماری /mɒːɾi/ מאדר /mɒːdær/
Father باوگ /bɑːwɡ/ باوک /bɑːwɪk/ bav /bɑːv/ بُوَا /buwɒː/ پئر /pæʔɾ/ پر /pær/ פדר /pedær/
Eat خواردن /xwɑːɾdən/ خواردن /xwɑːɾdɪn/ xwarin /xwɑːɾɪn/ خواردن /xwɒːɾdæn/ خرمسه /xoɾmesæ/ خوردن /xoɾdæn/ חורדן /xordæn/
Drink خواردن /xwɑːɾdən/ خواردنەوە /xwɑːɾdɪnɛwɛ/ vexwarin /vɛxwɑːɾɪn/ خواردن /xwɒːɾdæn/ خواردن /xwɒːɾdæn/ خوردن /xoɾdæn/ נושידן /nuːʃidæn/
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