Lingála
Lingala
Atlantic-Congo (Bantu, Bangi-Tetela)
Lingala (lingála) is a Bantu language and major lingua franca of the Congo River basin, with ~40M speakers (mostly L2) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. Originating as a 19th-century pidginized Bobangi trade language used by Belgian colonial administrators and the Congo Free State, it expanded as a vehicular language and the language of the Congolese armed forces. Lingala-language rumba and soukous music (Franco, Papa Wemba, Koffi Olomide) achieved enormous Pan-African cultural influence in the 20th century. Has 7 vowels and 2 phonemic tones (high vs. low).
Where it is spoken
31 core words in Lingala
Water
máí
/mai/
Fire
mɔ́tɔ
/mɔtɔ/
Sun
mói
/moi/
Moon
sánzá
/sanza/
Star
monzoto
/monzɔtɔ/
Mother
mamá
/mama/
Father
tatá
/tata/
I
ngai
/ⁿɡai/
You
yo
/jo/
Name
nkombo
/ⁿkombo/
Eye
líso
/liso/
Hand
lobɔ́kɔ
/lobɔkɔ/
Heart
motéma
/motema/
Love
bolíngo
/boliŋɡo/
Tree
nzété
/nzete/
House
ndáko
/ndako/
Dog
mbwá
/mbwa/
Cat
nyáu
/ɲau/
Eat
kolía
/kolia/
Drink
komɛ́la
/komɛla/
One
mɔ̌kɔ́
/mɔkɔ/
Two
mibale
/mibale/
Hello
mbóte
/mbote/
Thank you
matɔ́ndɔ
/matɔndɔ/
Good
malámu
/malamu/
Computer
odinatɛ́lɛ
/odinatɛ́lɛ/
Sources
Words compared
Compared with related Atlantic-Congo (Bantu, Bangi-Tetela) languages
| Meaning | Lingala | Kikongo | Mongo | Luvale | Tetela | Kaonde | Luba-Kasai |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | máí /mai/ | maza /maza/ | nzá /nzá/ | meya /meja/ | ashi /aʃi/ | mema /mema/ | mâyi /maːji/ |
| Fire | mɔ́tɔ /mɔtɔ/ | tiya /tija/ | mokɛ́ /mokɛ́/ | kakahya /kakahja/ | lokombu /lokombu/ | mujilo /mudʒilo/ | kapia /kapia/ |
| Sun | mói /moi/ | ntangu /ntaŋɡu/ | lokɔlɔ /lokɔlɔ/ | likumbi /likumbi/ | ondelo /ondelo/ | juba /dʒuba/ | dîba /diːba/ |
| Moon | sánzá /sanza/ | ngonda /ŋɡonda/ | nzɔnzɔ /nzɔnzɔ/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ | ñondo /ɲondo/ | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ |
| Star | monzoto /monzɔtɔ/ | mbwetete /mbwetete/ | monzoto /monzoto/ | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | ɔtɔtɔ /ɔtɔtɔ/ | lutanda /lutanda/ | mutoto /mutoto/ |
| Mother | mamá /mama/ | mama /mama/ | nyangó /ɲaŋɡó/ | mama /mama/ | nyango /ɲaŋɡo/ | bama /bama/ | mâmu /maːmu/ |
| Father | tatá /tata/ | tata /tata/ | ise /ise/ | tata /tata/ | shi /ʃi/ | batata /batata/ | tâtu /taːtu/ |
| I | ngai /ⁿɡai/ | mono /mono/ | ngai /ŋɡai/ | ami /ami/ | dimi /dimi/ | amiwa /amiwa/ | meme /meme/ |
| You | yo /jo/ | ngeye /ŋɡeje/ | yɔ /jɔ/ | ove /ove/ | wɛ /wɛ/ | obewa /obewa/ | wewe /wewe/ |
| Name | nkombo /ⁿkombo/ | nkumbu /nkumbu/ | nkombo /nkombo/ | lijina /liˈʒina/ | lokombo /lokombo/ | jizhina /dʒiʒina/ | dîna /diːna/ |
| Eye | líso /liso/ | disu /disu/ | liso /liso/ | liso /liso/ | diso /diso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | dîsu /diːsu/ |
| Hand | lobɔ́kɔ /lobɔkɔ/ | koko /koko/ | lokáko /lokáko/ | livoko /livoko/ | lonya /loɲa/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | tshianza /tʃianza/ |
| Heart | motéma /motema/ | ntima /ntima/ | mongúma /moŋɡúma/ | mutima /mutima/ | utema /utema/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | mucima /mutʃima/ |
| Love | bolíngo /boliŋɡo/ | zola /zola/ | boláŋo /bolaŋo/ | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | langɔ /laŋɡɔ/ | butemwe /butemwe/ | dinanga /dinaŋɡa/ |
| Tree | nzété /nzete/ | nti /nti/ | boléi /boléi/ | mutondo /mutondo/ | etamba /etamba/ | kichi /kitʃi/ | mutshi /mutʃi/ |
| House | ndáko /ndako/ | nzo /nzo/ | ndako /ndako/ | zuvo /zuvo/ | mbongo /mboŋɡo/ | nzubo /nzubo/ | nzubu /nzubu/ |
| Dog | mbwá /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | kawa /kawa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Cat | nyáu /ɲau/ | nyau /ɲau/ | nyaú /ɲaú/ | katako /katako/ | paka /paka/ | kapuso /kapuso/ | nyao /ɲao/ |
| Eat | kolía /kolia/ | ku dia /ku dja/ | kolya /koʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kolya /koʎa/ | kuja /kudʒa/ | kudia /kudia/ |
| Drink | komɛ́la /komɛla/ | ku nua /ku nwa/ | kome'la /komela/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | konwa /konwa/ | kutoma /kutoma/ | kunua /kunua/ |
| One | mɔ̌kɔ́ /mɔkɔ/ | mosi /mosi/ | etomelá /etomelá/ | -mwe /mwe/ | ɔtɔi /ɔtɔi/ | umo /umo/ | umue /umue/ |
| Two | mibale /mibale/ | zole /zole/ | bafe /bafe/ | -vali /vali/ | hende /hende/ | bibili /bibili/ | bibidi /bibidi/ |
| Hello | mbóte /mbote/ | mboté /mbote/ | losáko /losáko/ | mwane /mwane/ | nyongo /ɲoŋɡo/ | mwapoñai /mwapoɲai/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| Thank you | matɔ́ndɔ /matɔndɔ/ | matondo /matondo/ | olɛli /olɛli/ | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | toleko /toleko/ | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | tuasakidila /tuasakidila/ |
| Good | malámu /malamu/ | mbote /mbote/ | mpɔlɔ /mpɔlɔ/ | -mwaza /mwaza/ | lɔlɔ /lɔlɔ/ | kyawama /kjawama/ | bimpe /bimpe/ |
| Computer | odinatɛ́lɛ /odinatɛ́lɛ/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Word order compared
Compare with major world languages
Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.