Lakȟótiyapi

Lakota

Siouan

FamilySiouan Speakers~2K ScriptLatin (with diacritics ŋ ȟ č ǧ š ž) CountriesUSA (Dakotas, Nebraska, Montana) Official inNo (tribal recognition) Vitalitydefinitely endangered ISO 639-3lkt

Lakota (Lakȟótiyapi) is the language of the Teton Sioux, with ~2K mostly elderly fluent speakers across the Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Standing Rock, and Cheyenne River reservations. Severely endangered. The standard orthography developed in the 1970s uses ȟ for /ʁ/, č for /tʃ/, and aspirated/unaspirated stops distinguished by an apostrophe. Known to popular culture through the 1990 film Dances with Wolves. Major revitalization initiatives since the 2000s through the Lakota Language Consortium and Tatuye Topa school.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Lakota

Water

mní

/mní/

Fire

pȟéta

/pˣéta/

Sun

/wí/

Moon

haŋhépi wí

/haŋhépi wí/

Star

wičháȟpi

/witʃʰaχpi/

Mother

iná

/iná/

Father

até

/até/

I

miyé

/mijé/

You

niyé

/nijé/

Name

čhažé

/tʃʰaʒé/

Eye

ištá

/iʃtá/

Hand

napé

/napé/

Heart

čhaŋté

/tʃʰaŋté/

Love

thečhíȟila

/tʰetʃʰíxila/

Tree

čháŋ

/tʃʰáŋ/

House

thípi

/tʰípi/

Dog

šúŋka

/ʃúŋka/

Cat

igmúŋke

/iɡmúŋke/

Eat

yúta

/júta/

Drink

yatkáŋ

/jatkáŋ/

One

waŋží

/waŋʒí/

Two

núŋpa

/nṹpa/

Hello

háu

/háu/

Thank you

philámayaye

/pʰilámajaje/

Good

wašté

/waʃté/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Siouan languages

Meaning LakotaDakotaOsageJuǀ'hoanNavajoCoyutla TotonacNias
Water mní /mní/ mní /mní/ ni /ni/ gǃú /ᶢǃú/ /tóː/ xkán /ʃkán/ idanö /idanø/
Fire pȟéta /pˣéta/ phéta /pʰéta/ péje /péʒe/ dahm /dã̀m/ kǫʼ /kõːʔ/ lhk'uyat /ɬkʼujat/ alitö /aˈlitɤ/
Sun /wí/ aŋpétuwí /aŋpétuwí/ mį́ /mĩ́/ ǃhúí /ᵑǃʰúí/ jóhonaaʼéí /dʒóhonɑːʔéːí/ chichiní /tʃitʃiní/ luo /luo/
Moon haŋhépi wí /haŋhépi wí/ haŋyétuwí /haŋjétuwí/ mį́ hǫ́bre /mĩ́ hṍbɾe/ nǁháí /ᵑǁʰáí/ tłʼéhonaaʼéí /tɬʼéhonɑːʔéːí/ papá /papá/ bawa /bawa/
Star wičháȟpi /witʃʰaχpi/ wičaȟpi /witʃaχpi/ mikák'e /mikakʔe/ ǀqhùbi /ǀqʰùbí/ sǫʼ /sṍʔ/ staku /staku/ döfi /døfi/
Mother iná /iná/ iná /iná/ iną́ /inã́/ taqe /tàʔè/ shimá /ʃimáː/ tsé /tsé/ ina /ina/
Father até /até/ até /até/ indáce /indátse/ ba /bà/ shizhéʼé /ʃiʒéːʔéː/ tlat /tɬat/ amada /amada/
I miyé /mijé/ miyé /mijé/ wíe /wie/ mi /mí/ shí /ʃí/ kit /kit/ ya'o /jaʔo/
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