Lakȟótiyapi

Lakota

Siouan

FamilySiouan Speakers~2K ScriptLatin (with diacritics ŋ ȟ č ǧ š ž) CountriesUSA (Dakotas, Nebraska, Montana) Official inNo (tribal recognition) Vitalitydefinitely-endangered ISO 639-3lkt

Lakota (Lakȟótiyapi) is the language of the Teton Sioux, with ~2K mostly elderly fluent speakers across the Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Standing Rock, and Cheyenne River reservations. Severely endangered. The standard orthography developed in the 1970s uses ȟ for /ʁ/, č for /tʃ/, and aspirated/unaspirated stops distinguished by an apostrophe. Known to popular culture through the 1990 film Dances with Wolves. Major revitalization initiatives since the 2000s through the Lakota Language Consortium and Tatuye Topa school.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Lakota

Water

mní

/mní/

Fire

pȟéta

/pˣéta/

Sun

/wí/

Moon

haŋhépi wí

/haŋhépi wí/

Mother

iná

/iná/

Father

até

/até/

Eat

yúta

/júta/

Drink

yatkáŋ

/jatkáŋ/

Love

thečhíȟila

/tʰetʃʰíxila/

Heart

čhaŋté

/tʃʰaŋté/

Tree

čháŋ

/tʃʰáŋ/

House

thípi

/tʰípi/

Dog

šúŋka

/ʃúŋka/

Cat

igmúŋke

/iɡmúŋke/

Hand

napé

/napé/

Eye

ištá

/iʃtá/

Hello

háu

/háu/

Thank you

philámayaye

/pʰilámajaje/

One

waŋží

/waŋʒí/

Good

wašté

/waʃté/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Siouan languages

Meaning LakotaDakotaOsageHurrianAguarunaGuerrero NahuatlJuǀ'hoan
Water mní /mní/ mní /mní/ ni /ni/ 𒅆𒂊 /ʃie/ yumi /jumi/ atl /atɬ/ gǃú /ᶢǃú/
Fire pȟéta /pˣéta/ phéta /pʰéta/ péje /péʒe/ 𒋫𒌅 /tatu/ úkam /úkam/ tletl /tɬetɬ/ dahm /dã̀m/
Sun /wí/ aŋpétuwí /aŋpétuwí/ mį́ /mĩ́/ 𒅆𒈨𒄀 /ʃimeɡi/ etsá /etsá/ tonatih /tonatih/ ǃhúí /ᵑǃʰúí/
Moon haŋhépi wí /haŋhépi wí/ haŋyétuwí /haŋjétuwí/ mį́ hǫ́bre /mĩ́ hṍbɾe/ 𒆪𒋢𒄴 /kuʃuh/ nántu /nántu/ metztli /metstɬi/ nǁháí /ᵑǁʰáí/
Mother iná /iná/ iná /iná/ iną́ /inã́/ 𒂊𒈾 /ena/ dukú /dukú/ nanan /nanan/ taqe /tàʔè/
Father até /até/ até /até/ indáce /indátse/ 𒀜𒋫𒀀𒄿 /attai/ apá /apá/ tatah /tatah/ ba /bà/
Eat yúta /júta/ yúta /júta/ ðatʰé /ðatʰé/ 𒄠 /am/ yuwámu /juwámu/ tlakua /tɬakʷa/ ǃʼám /ǃʼám/
Drink yatkáŋ /jatkáŋ/ yatkáŋ /jatkáŋ/ iðátʰǫ /iðátʰũ/ 𒈾𒄴𒉿 /nahw/ úmag /úmaɡ/ atli /atɬi/ kxʼáí /kxʼái/
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