Адыгэбзэ
Kabardian
NW Caucasian (Circassian)
Kabardian (East Circassian) shares much of its grammar and vocabulary with Adyghe but has diverged enough to be considered a separate language. It has fewer consonants than Adyghe but more complex prefixal verbal morphology.
Where it is spoken
31 core words in Kabardian
Water
псы
/psə/
Fire
мафӏэ
/mafʼa/
Sun
дыгъэ
/dəʁa/
Moon
мазэ
/maza/
Star
вагъуэ
/waːʁʷa/
Mother
анэ
/ana/
Father
адэ
/ada/
I
сэ
/sa/
You
уэ
/wa/
Name
цӀэ
/tsʼə/
Eye
нэ
/na/
Hand
ӏэ
/ʔa/
Heart
гу
/ɡʷə/
Love
лъагъуныгъэ
/ɬaʁʷənəʁa/
Tree
жыг
/ʒəɡ/
House
унэ
/wəna/
Dog
хьэ
/ħa/
Cat
джэду
/dʒadu/
Eat
шхэн
/ʃxan/
Drink
ефэн
/jafan/
One
зы
/zə/
Two
тӀу
/tʷʼə/
Hello
фӏэхъус
/fʼaqʷəs/
Thank you
фӏыщӏэ
/fʼəʃʼa/
Good
фӏы
/fʼə/
Cuckoo
кӏыгуугу
/tʃʼǝɡʷuːɡʷ/
Words compared
Compared with related NW Caucasian (Circassian) languages
| Meaning | Kabardian | Adyghe | Ubykh | Abaza | Abkhaz | Mongghul | Mandaic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | псы /psə/ | псы /psə/ | bzə /bzə/ | дзы /dzə/ | аӡы /adzə/ | usu /usu/ | ࡌࡉࡀ /mia/ |
| Fire | мафӏэ /mafʼa/ | машӏо /maʃʼo/ | mzʼə /mzʼə/ | мца /mtsa/ | амца /amtsa/ | ghal /ʁal/ | ࡍࡅࡓࡀ /nura/ |
| Sun | дыгъэ /dəʁa/ | тыгъэ /təʁa/ | dəɣʷa /dəɣʷa/ | амра /amra/ | амра /amra/ | nara /nara/ | ࡔࡀࡌࡔࡀ /ʃamʃa/ |
| Moon | мазэ /maza/ | мазэ /maza/ | mazə /mazə/ | мыза /məza/ | амза /amza/ | sara /sara/ | ࡎࡉࡓࡀ /sira/ |
| Star | вагъуэ /waːʁʷa/ | жъуагъо /ʐʷaːʁʷa/ | tʃʷʼakʲ /tʃʷʼakʲʼ/ | аяҵва /ajatsʷʼa/ | аеҵәа /ajtsʷʼa/ | hodi /xoˈdi/ | ࡊࡅࡊࡁࡀ /ˈkukba/ |
| Mother | анэ /ana/ | ны /nə/ | nan /nan/ | ан /an/ | ан /an/ | ana /ana/ | ࡀࡌࡀ /ama/ |
| Father | адэ /ada/ | ты /tə/ | tʷə /tʷə/ | аба /aba/ | аб /ab/ | ada /ada/ | ࡀࡁࡀ /aba/ |
| I | сэ /sa/ | сэ /sa/ | sʁʷa /sʁʷa/ | сара /saˈra/ | сара /saˈra/ | bu /bu/ | ࡀࡍࡀ /ˈana/ |
| You | уэ /wa/ | о /wə/ | wʁʷa /wʁʷa/ | уара /waˈra/ | уара /waˈra/ | chi /tɕi/ | ࡀࡍࡀࡕ /at/ |
| Name | цӀэ /tsʼə/ | цӀэ /tsʼə/ | pʼtsʼa /pʼtsʼa/ | хьыз /xʲəz/ | ахьӡ /axʲdz/ | nere /nərə/ | ࡔࡅࡌࡀ /ˈʃuma/ |
| Eye | нэ /na/ | нэ /na/ | bla /bla/ | ла /la/ | абла /abla/ | nidu /nidu/ | ࡏࡉࡍࡀ /ʔina/ |
| Hand | ӏэ /ʔa/ | ӏэ /ʔa/ | ɂa /ʔa/ | напы /napə/ | анапы /anapə/ | ghar /ʁar/ | ࡏࡃࡀ /ʔida/ |
| Heart | гу /ɡʷə/ | гу /ɡʷə/ | gʷə /ɡʷə/ | гвы /ɡʷə/ | агәы /aɡʷə/ | jürige /dʒyriɡe/ | ࡋࡉࡁࡀ /liba/ |
| Love | лъагъуныгъэ /ɬaʁʷənəʁa/ | шӏу лъэгъун /ʃʷʼə ɬaʁʷən/ | — /—/ | бзиабара /bziabara/ | абзиабара /abziabara/ | durala- /durala/ | ࡓࡅࡄࡌࡀ /ɾuhma/ |
| Tree | жыг /ʒəɡ/ | чыгы /tʃəɡə/ | — /—/ | ҵла /tsʼla/ | аҵла /atsʼla/ | modu /modu/ | ࡏࡋࡀࡍࡀ /ilana/ |
| House | унэ /wəna/ | унэ /wəna/ | tʷəna /tʷəna/ | айни /ajni/ | аҩны /aːɥnə/ | ger /ɡer/ | ࡁࡉࡕࡀ /bita/ |
| Dog | хьэ /ħa/ | хьэ /ħa/ | la /la/ | ла /la/ | ала /aˈlːa/ | noghui /noʁui/ | ࡊࡀࡋࡁࡀ /kalba/ |
| Cat | джэду /dʒadu/ | чэтыу /tʃatəw/ | — /—/ | цгва /tsɡwa/ | ацгәы /atsɡʷə/ | mau /mau/ | ࡔࡅࡍࡀࡓࡀ /ʃunara/ |
| Eat | шхэн /ʃxan/ | шхэн /ʃxan/ | — /—/ | фара /fara/ | афара /afara/ | idi- /idi/ | ࡀࡊࡀࡋ /akal/ |
| Drink | ефэн /jafan/ | ефэн /jafan/ | — /—/ | жвара /ʒwara/ | ажәра /aʒʷra/ | uu- /uː/ | ࡔࡕࡀ /ʃta/ |
| One | зы /zə/ | зы /zə/ | za /za/ | заку /zaku/ | акы /akə/ | nige /niɡe/ | ࡄࡀࡃ /had/ |
| Two | тӀу /tʷʼə/ | тӀу /tʷʼə/ | tqʷʼa /tqʷʼa/ | ҩба /ɥba/ | ҩба /ɥba/ | ghoor /ʁoːr/ | ࡕࡓࡉࡍ /tren/ |
| Hello | фӏэхъус /fʼaqʷəs/ | шӏуфес /ʃʼwafes/ | — /—/ | мшыбзи /mʃəbzi/ | мшыбзиа /mʃəbzia/ | amur sain /amur sain/ | ࡔࡋࡀࡌࡀ /ʃlama/ |
| Thank you | фӏыщӏэ /fʼəʃʼa/ | тхьауегъэпсэу /tħawajaʁapsaw/ | — /—/ | таабит /taːbit/ | иҭабуп /itʰabup/ | bayarla- /bajarla/ | ࡈࡀࡁࡅࡕࡀ /ʈabuta/ |
| Good | фӏы /fʼə/ | дэгъу /daʁʷ/ | — /—/ | бзи /bzi/ | абзиа /abzia/ | sain /sain/ | ࡈࡀࡁࡀ /tˤaba/ |
| Cuckoo | кӏыгуугу /tʃʼǝɡʷuːɡʷ/ | кукуу /kʷǝkʷǝw/ | kʷǝgʷ /kʷǝɡʷ/ | квыква /kʷǝkʷa/ | акәыкәы /akʷǝkʷǝ/ | — | — |
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