ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡀࡉࡉࡀ

Mandaic

Afro-Asiatic (Semitic, Northwest, Aramaic, Eastern, Mandaic) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyAfro-Asiatic (Semitic, Northwest, Aramaic, Eastern, Mandaic) Speakers~5K liturgical + ~50 fluent (Modern Mandaic) ScriptMandaic CountriesIran (Khuzestan), Iraq (Maysan), diaspora (Sweden, Australia, USA) Official inNo (Persian/Arabic in homeland; recognized minority) Vitalityextinct ISO 639-3myz

Mandaic is the Eastern Aramaic language of the Mandaeans, an indigenous gnostic religious community of southern Iraq and southwestern Iran whose religion (Mandaeism) reveres John the Baptist and traces its roots to the early-1st-millennium Mesopotamian milieu. Classical Mandaic remains the liturgical language of Mandaean ritual; Neo-Mandaic (a separate but related modern variety) has only ~50 fluent speakers, making it one of the most endangered Aramaic varieties. The Mandaic script is a unique cursive abjad-abugida hybrid, distinct from Hebrew and Syriac scripts.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Mandaic

Water

ࡌࡉࡀ

/mia/

Fire

ࡍࡅࡓࡀ

/nura/

Sun

ࡔࡀࡌࡔࡀ

/ʃamʃa/

Moon

ࡎࡉࡓࡀ

/sira/

Star

ࡊࡅࡊࡁࡀ

/ˈkukba/

Mother

ࡀࡌࡀ

/ama/

Father

ࡀࡁࡀ

/aba/

I

ࡀࡍࡀ

/ˈana/

You

ࡀࡍࡀࡕ

/at/

Name

ࡔࡅࡌࡀ

/ˈʃuma/

Eye

ࡏࡉࡍࡀ

/ʔina/

Hand

ࡏࡃࡀ

/ʔida/

Heart

ࡋࡉࡁࡀ

/liba/

Love

ࡓࡅࡄࡌࡀ

/ɾuhma/

Tree

ࡏࡋࡀࡍࡀ

/ilana/

House

ࡁࡉࡕࡀ

/bita/

Dog

ࡊࡀࡋࡁࡀ

/kalba/

Cat

ࡔࡅࡍࡀࡓࡀ

/ʃunara/

Eat

ࡀࡊࡀࡋ

/akal/

Drink

ࡔࡕࡀ

/ʃta/

One

ࡄࡀࡃ

/had/

Two

ࡕࡓࡉࡍ

/tren/

Hello

ࡔࡋࡀࡌࡀ

/ʃlama/

Thank you

ࡈࡀࡁࡅࡕࡀ

/ʈabuta/

Good

ࡈࡀࡁࡀ

/tˤaba/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Afro-Asiatic (Semitic, Northwest, Aramaic, Eastern, Mandaic) languages

Meaning MandaicAssyrian Neo-AramaicTuroyoWestern Neo-AramaicAramaicClassical SyriacOld Aramaic
Water ࡌࡉࡀ /mia/ ܡܝܐ /mijja/ ܡܝܐ /majo/ ܡܘܝܐ /moːja/ ܡܝܐ /majjaː/ ܡܝܐ /majjaː/ מין /majin/
Fire ࡍࡅࡓࡀ /nura/ ܢܘܪܐ /nura/ ܢܘܪܐ /nuro/ ܐܫܬܐ /iʃtaː/ ܢܘܪܐ /nuːraː/ ܢܘܪܐ /nuːraː/ נור /nuːr/
Sun ࡔࡀࡌࡔࡀ /ʃamʃa/ ܫܡܫܐ /ʃimʃa/ ܫܡܫܐ /ʃamʃo/ ܫܡܫܐ /ʃemʃaː/ ܫܡܫܐ /ʃemʃaː/ ܫܡܫܐ /ʃemʃaː/ שמש /ʃamʃ/
Moon ࡎࡉࡓࡀ /sira/ ܣܗܪܐ /sahra/ ܣܗܪܐ /sahro/ ܣܗܪܐ /sahraː/ ܣܗܪܐ /sahraː/ ܣܗܪܐ /sahraː/ שהר /sahr/
Star ࡊࡅࡊࡁࡀ /ˈkukba/ ܟܵܘܟ݂ܒ݂ܵܐ /ˈkoxwa/ ܟܟܒܐ /kəxwo/ ܟܘܟܒܐ /kawkba/ ܟܘܟܒܐ /koːχβaː/ ܟܘܟܒܐ /kawkβaː/ כוכב /kawkab/
Mother ࡀࡌࡀ /ama/ ܝܡܐ /jimma/ ܐܡܐ /imo/ ܐܡܐ /emaː/ ܐܡܐ /ʔemmaː/ ܐܡܐ /ʔemmaː/ אמ /ʔem/
Father ࡀࡁࡀ /aba/ ܒܒܐ /baba/ ܒܒܐ /babo/ ܒܒܐ /babːaː/ ܐܒܐ /ʔabbaː/ ܐܒܐ /ʔabbaː/ אב /ʔab/
I ࡀࡍࡀ /ˈana/ ܐܵܢܵܐ /ˈʔɑːnɑ/ ܐܢܐ /ono/ ܐܢܐ /ana/ ܐܢܐ /ʔanaː/ ܐܢܐ /ʔenaː/ אנה /ʔanaː/
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