Wixárika niukieya
Wixarika
Uto-Aztecan
Wixárika (Huichol, autonymously Wixárika niukieya) is a Uto-Aztecan language of the Corachol sub-branch, spoken by around 50,000 people in the Sierra Madre Occidental highlands of western Mexico (Jalisco, Nayarit, Durango, Zacatecas). The Wixárika are famous for their elaborately preserved indigenous religion centered on peyote pilgrimages to the sacred site of Wirikuta in San Luis Potosí — one of the most well-documented surviving non-Christian indigenous religious traditions of Mesoamerica. Linguistically, Wixárika is most closely related to Cora (crn) — its sister Corachol language — but quite distinct from the Nahuan languages (Nahuatl varieties nci, nch, nhe, etc.) and the Numic languages (Comanche, Shoshone, Paiute) that occupy the northern arms of Uto-Aztecan. The language is unusually vibrant for an indigenous language of Mexico, with intact transmission to children and active community use in markets, ceremonies, and pilgrimages.
Where it is spoken
31 core words in Wixarika
Water
ha
/ha/
Fire
tai
/tai/
Sun
tau
/tau/
Moon
metsa
/metsa/
Star
xurawe
/ʃuˈrawe/
Mother
nana
/nana/
Father
yawe
/jawe/
I
nee
/neː/
You
eekɨ
/ˈeːkɨ/
Name
tewa
/ˈtewa/
Eye
tukite
/tukite/
Hand
mama
/mama/
Heart
iyari
/ijari/
Love
kanenki
/kanenki/
Tree
kiyé
/kije/
House
ki
/ki/
Dog
tsïkï
/tsɨkɨ/
Cat
mitsu
/mitsu/
Eat
kuye
/kuje/
Drink
hi'eka
/hiʔeka/
One
xevi
/ʃevi/
Two
huta
/huˈta/
Hello
kekuanenki
/kekwanenki/
Thank you
pa'iwakaitsie
/paʔiwakaitsje/
Good
waxa
/waʃa/
Sources
Words compared
Compared with related Uto-Aztecan languages
| Meaning | Wixarika | Cora | Isthmus Nahuatl | Nawat | Gilbertese | Guerrero Nahuatl | Central Huasteca Nahuatl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | ha /ha/ | hapɨn /hapɨn/ | ahtli /aʔtli/ | at /at/ | ran /ɾan/ | atl /atɬ/ | atl /atɬ/ |
| Fire | tai /tai/ | ta'ai /taʔai/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | ai /ai/ | tletl /tɬetɬ/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ |
| Sun | tau /tau/ | tahaapuá /tahaːpwa/ | tonal /tonal/ | tunal /tunal/ | taai /taːi/ | tonatih /tonatih/ | tonati /tonati/ |
| Moon | metsa /metsa/ | mɨhka /mɨhka/ | metz /mets/ | metsti /metsti/ | namwakaina /namʷakaina/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | metztli /metstɬi/ |
| Star | xurawe /ʃuˈrawe/ | sɨɨrabe /sɨːˈrabe/ | sitlalin /siˈtlalin/ | sital /ˈsital/ | itoi /iˈtoi/ | sitlalin /siˈtlalin/ | sitlalij /siˈtlalih/ |
| Mother | nana /nana/ | naana /naːna/ | nan /nan/ | nan /nan/ | tinau /tinau/ | nanan /nanan/ | nana /nana/ |
| Father | yawe /jawe/ | hahuá /hahwa/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tamau /tamau/ | tatah /tatah/ | tata /tata/ |
| I | nee /neː/ | neʼu /ˈneʔu/ | naja /ˈnaha/ | naja /ˈnaha/ | ngai /ŋai/ | nejua /neˈwa/ | na /na/ |
| You | eekɨ /ˈeːkɨ/ | aʼu /ˈaʔu/ | taja /ˈtaha/ | taja /ˈtaha/ | ngkoe /ŋkoe/ | tejua /teˈwa/ | ta /ta/ |
| Name | tewa /ˈtewa/ | yeuwa /ˈjeuwa/ | tocayotl /tokaˈjotɬ/ | tukay /ˈtukaj/ | ara /ˈara/ | tocaitl /toˈkaitɬ/ | tocaxtli /toˈkaʃtli/ |
| Eye | tukite /tukite/ | húi /hwi/ | ix /iʃ/ | ish /iʃ/ | mata /mata/ | ixtli /iʃtli/ | ixtli /iʃtli/ |
| Hand | mama /mama/ | mam /mam/ | mahuit /mawit/ | mey /mei/ | bai /bai/ | maitl /maitɬ/ | maitl /maitl/ |
| Heart | iyari /ijari/ | hɨurí /hɨuri/ | yolio /jolio/ | yulu /julu/ | nano /nano/ | yolotl /jolotɬ/ | yollotl /jolːotɬ/ |
| Love | kanenki /kanenki/ | ka'na /kaʔna/ | nequi /neki/ | tasujta /tasuhta/ | tangira /taŋiɾa/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ |
| Tree | kiyé /kije/ | kɨré /kɨre/ | cuahuit /kʷawit/ | kwawit /kʷawit/ | kai /kai/ | kuauitl /kʷawitl/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitl/ |
| House | ki /ki/ | kíh /kih/ | cali /kali/ | kal /kal/ | auti /auti/ | kalli /kalːi/ | calli /kalːi/ |
| Dog | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ | tsɨ'ɨ /tsɨʔɨ/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintli/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ | kamea /kamea/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintli/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintli/ |
| Cat | mitsu /mitsu/ | mistú /mistu/ | miston /miston/ | mishin /miʃin/ | katu /katu/ | miston /miston/ | mizton /miston/ |
| Eat | kuye /kuje/ | kuá /kwa/ | tacua /takʷa/ | takwa /takwa/ | amwarake /amʷaɾake/ | tlakua /tɬakʷa/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ |
| Drink | hi'eka /hiʔeka/ | hi'i /hiʔi/ | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | nima /nima/ | atli /atɬi/ | atli /atɬi/ |
| One | xevi /ʃevi/ | cei /tsei/ | ce /se/ | se /se/ | teuana /teuana/ | ce /se/ | ce /se/ |
| Two | huta /huˈta/ | huapoa /waˈpoa/ | ome /ˈome/ | ume /ˈume/ | uoua /uˈoua/ | ome /ˈome/ | ome /ˈome/ |
| Hello | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ | ke'kuanenki /keʔkwanenki/ | niltze /niltse/ | ne pakua /ne pakwa/ | mauri /mauɾi/ | niltze /niltse/ | niltze /niltse/ |
| Thank you | pa'iwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ | atsipiraá /atsipiraː/ | tlazohcamati /tlasoʔkamati/ | padiush /padjuʃ/ | ko rabwa /ko ɾabʷa/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ |
| Good | waxa /waʃa/ | huá'i /hwaʔi/ | cualli /kʷalːi/ | kwahli /kʷahli/ | raoiroi /ɾaoiɾoi/ | kuajli /kʷahli/ | cualli /kʷalːi/ |
Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.