Кӏваннав миццӏи

Andi

NE Caucasian (Avar-Andic, Andic subgroup)

FamilyNE Caucasian (Avar-Andic, Andic subgroup) Speakers~6,000 ScriptCyrillic (occasional, ad-hoc); typically unwritten CountriesRussia (Dagestan) Official inNo (Avar serves as the regional literary language) ISO 639-3ani Glottocodeandi1255

Andi (Кӏваннав миццӏи) is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Andic subgroup (Avar-Andic branch), spoken by around 6,000 people in nine villages of the Botlikh District of mountainous western Dagestan. Andi shares the Avar-Andic typological profile: a very large consonant inventory (~50+ phonemes including ejectives, pharyngealized, and labialized series), agglutinative morphology, ergative-absolutive alignment with split ergativity, four to five noun classes, and an elaborate spatial case system with multiple localization series. Andi has no official orthography of its own — Avar serves as the regional literary language, and Andi is transmitted orally; modern linguistic descriptions (Salimov 2010, Cercvadze 1965) use ad-hoc Cyrillic.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Andi

Water

лъен

/ɬen/

Fire

цӏай

/tsʼaj/

Sun

миллӏи

/milːi/

Moon

борцӏцӏо

/bortsʼːo/

Mother

ила

/ila/

Father

има

/ima/

Eat

икъвин

/iqʷːin/

Drink

игьин

/iɣin/

Love

/—/

Heart

рокӏо

/rokʼo/

Tree

рикьва

/riqʷːa/

House

хъоро

/qʼoro/

Dog

хвай

/χʷaj/

Cat

/—/

Hand

рекьа

/rekʼa/

Eye

гьаркӏо

/haɾkʼo/

Hello

/—/

Thank you

/—/

One

цеб

/tseb/

Good

/—/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related NE Caucasian (Avar-Andic, Andic subgroup) languages

Meaning AndiBudukhBabuza (Favorlang)Taa (!Xóõ)Kulon-PazehHunzibMatsés
Water лъен /ɬen/ хьед /ħed/ zalum /zalum/ ǃqhàa /ǃqʰaː/ dalum /da.lum/ лъи /ɬiː/ mapi /maˈpi/
Fire цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ apoi /apoi/ ǀʼàã /ǀʼãː/ hapuy /ha.puj/ цIə /tsʼə/ tsibo /tsiˈbo/
Sun миллӏи /milːi/ рагъ /raʁ/ /—/ ǁʼân /ǁʼã/ rizax /ɾi.zax/ бохъ /boq͡χ/ šëdo /ʂɨˈdo/
Moon борцӏцӏо /bortsʼːo/ ваз /vaz/ zilias /siliəs/ ǃqhàn /ǃqʰã/ ilas /i.las/ боцо /botso/ use /uˈse/
Mother ила /ila/ баб /bab/ tina /tina/ qáe /qae/ ina /i.na/ /—/ ëna /ɨˈna/
Father има /ima/ дада /dada/ tama /tama/ a̰a /a̰a/ aba /a.ba/ абу /abu/ papa /paˈpa/
Eat икъвин /iqʷːin/ ухьун /uħun/ maan /maːn/ ʼâã /ʔãː/ mekan /mə.kan/ мухъа /muq͡χa/ pe- /pe/
Drink игьин /iɣin/ эджи /edʒi/ minum /minum/ kxʼāhã /kxʼaːhã/ mimaazip /mi.maː.zip/ хулIа /χuɬa/ ak- /ak/
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