Кӏваннав миццӏи

Andi

NE Caucasian (Avar-Andic, Andic subgroup)

FamilyNE Caucasian (Avar-Andic, Andic subgroup) Speakers~6K ScriptCyrillic (occasional, ad-hoc); typically unwritten CountriesRussia (Dagestan) Official inNo (Avar serves as the regional literary language) ISO 639-3ani Glottocodeandi1255

Andi (Кӏваннав миццӏи) is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Andic subgroup (Avar-Andic branch), spoken by around 6,000 people in nine villages of the Botlikh District of mountainous western Dagestan. Andi shares the Avar-Andic typological profile: a very large consonant inventory (~50+ phonemes including ejectives, pharyngealized, and labialized series), agglutinative morphology, ergative-absolutive alignment with split ergativity, four to five noun classes, and an elaborate spatial case system with multiple localization series. Andi has no official orthography of its own — Avar serves as the regional literary language, and Andi is transmitted orally; modern linguistic descriptions (Salimov 2010, Cercvadze 1965) use ad-hoc Cyrillic.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Andi

Water

лъен

/ɬen/

Fire

цӏай

/tsʼaj/

Sun

миллӏи

/milːi/

Moon

борцӏцӏо

/bortsʼːo/

Star

цӀцӀа

/tsʼːa/

Mother

ила

/ila/

Father

има

/ima/

I

ден

/dẽ/

You

мин

/min/

Name

цӀер

/tsʼeːr/

Eye

гьаркӏо

/haɾkʼo/

Hand

рекьа

/rekʼa/

Heart

рокӏо

/rokʼo/

Love

/—/

Tree

рикьва

/riqʷːa/

House

хъоро

/qʼoro/

Dog

хвай

/χʷaj/

Cat

/—/

Eat

икъвин

/iqʷːin/

Drink

игьин

/iɣin/

One

цеб

/tseb/

Two

чӀеди

/tʃʼedi/

Hello

/—/

Thank you

/—/

Good

/—/

Cuckoo

гиггу

/ɡiɡːu/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related NE Caucasian (Avar-Andic, Andic subgroup) languages

Meaning AndiBudukhHunzibKhvarshiKrytsBabuza (Favorlang)Proto-Austronesian
Water лъен /ɬen/ хьед /ħed/ лъи /ɬiː/ лъа /ɬa/ xed /xed/ zalum /zalum/ *daNum /daNum/
Fire цӏай /tsʼaj/ цӏай /tsʼaj/ цIə /tsʼə/ цIа /tsʼa/ ts'a /tsʼa/ apoi /apoi/ *Sapuy /Sapuy/
Sun миллӏи /milːi/ рагъ /raʁ/ бохъ /boqχ/ бухъ /buqχ/ vïrïğ /vɨrɨʁ/ /—/ *waRi /waRi/
Moon борцӏцӏо /bortsʼːo/ ваз /vaz/ боцо /botso/ буца /butsa/ vats /vats/ zilias /siliəs/ *bulaN /bulaN/
Star цӀцӀа /tsʼːa/ хед /χed/ цӀирис /tsʼiris/ цӀирис /tsʼiris/ xed /xed/ botto /botːo/ *bituqen /bituqen/
Mother ила /ila/ баб /bab/ /—/ ишу /iʃu/ dada /dada/ tina /tina/ *ina /ina/
Father има /ima/ дада /dada/ абу /abu/ обу /obu/ buba /buba/ tama /tama/ *ama /ama/
I ден /dẽ/ зы /zɨ/ дə /də/ до /do/ zin /zin/ ka-ina /kaina/ *aku /aku/
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