Ixil
Mayan (Mamean, Greater Mamean — Ixilan)
Ixil is a Mamean Mayan language of the Cuchumatanes mountains in northwestern Guatemala, spoken in the three towns Nebaj, Chajul, and San Juan Cotzal known as the "Ixil Triangle". The Ixil people were among the most heavily targeted communities during the Guatemalan Civil War (1960-1996); approximately 8% of the Ixil population were killed during the early-1980s genocide under General Ríos Montt — convicted of genocide against the Ixil in 2013 (verdict overturned but conviction historically affirmed). Three principal varieties: Nebaj (most documented), Chajul, and Cotzal. Ergative-absolutive alignment, complex aspectual verb morphology.
Onde é falada
20 palavras essenciais em Ixil
Água
aʼ
/aʔ/
Fogo
tzaʼ
/tsaʔ/
Sol
qʼii
/qʼiː/
Lua
ich
/itʃ/
Mãe
naʼ
/naʔ/
Pai
baʼ
/baʔ/
Comer
tzaʼbʼi
/tsaʔɓi/
Beber
ucha
/utʃa/
Amor
kuxhewchʼa
/kuʃewtʃʼa/
Coração
vatzʼ
/vatsʼ/
Árvore
tze
/tse/
Casa
kabʼal
/kaɓal/
Cão
txʼiʼ
/tʃʼiʔ/
Gato
mees
/meːs/
Mão
qʼabʼ
/qʼaɓ/
Olho
vusal
/vusal/
Olá
nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa
/nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/
Obrigado
tantixh
/tantiʃ/
Um
jun
/hun/
Bom
utzʼ
/utsʼ/
Fontes
Palavras comparadas
Comparado com línguas Mayan (Mamean, Greater Mamean — Ixilan) relacionadas
| Significado | Ixil | Uspanteko | kʼicheʼ | Kaqchikel | Aguacateco | qʼeqchiʼ | mam |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | aʼ /aʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | yaʼ /jaʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ |
| Fogo | tzaʼ /tsaʔ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaq /qʼaq/ | xam /ʃam/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ |
| Sol | qʼii /qʼiː/ | qʼiij /qʼiːh/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼijl /qʼihl/ | saqʼe /saqʼe/ | qʼij /qʼih/ |
| Lua | ich /itʃ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | xahaw /ʃahaw/ | poo /poː/ | xjaw /ʃaw/ |
| Mãe | naʼ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ | nan /nan/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | naa /naː/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ |
| Pai | baʼ /baʔ/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tataʼ /tataʔ/ | mam /mam/ | yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ | mam /mam/ |
| Comer | tzaʼbʼi /tsaʔɓi/ | waʼ /waʔ/ | tijow /tixow/ | waʼin /waʔin/ | wii /wiː/ | taawaʼ /tawaʔ/ | waan /waːn/ |
| Beber | ucha /utʃa/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼaaj /ukʼaːh/ | kumun /kumun/ | uuk /uːk/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | kʼaan /kʼaːn/ |
| Amor | kuxhewchʼa /kuʃewtʃʼa/ | lóqʼ /lóqʼ/ | loqʼoj /loqʼoh/ | ajowabʼäl /axowaɓəl/ | xajan /ʃahan/ | rahok /rahok/ | oqxan /oqʃan/ |
| Coração | vatzʼ /vatsʼ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | animaʼ /animaʔ/ | anima /anima/ | kʼuum /kʼuːm/ | chʼoolej /tʃʼoːlej/ | anma /anma/ |
| Árvore | tze /tse/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ |
| Casa | kabʼal /kaɓal/ | jaa /haː/ | ja /xa/ | jay /xaj/ | nya /ɲa/ | ochoch /otʃotʃ/ | jaa /haː/ |
| Cão | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | txʼyan /tʃʼjan/ |
| Gato | mees /meːs/ | mis /mis/ | meʼs /meʔs/ | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ | mes /mes/ | wiix /wiːʃ/ |
| Mão | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | ruqʼ /ruqʼ/ | qʼobʼ /qʼoɓ/ |
| Olho | vusal /vusal/ | wach /watʃ/ | bʼaqʼwach /ɓaqʼwatʃ/ | bʼaqʼ wach /ɓaqʼ watʃ/ | witzʼ /witsʼ/ | xnaqʼ ru /ʃnaqʼ ru/ | witz /wits/ |
| Olá | nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa /nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/ | saʼbʼal /saʔbal/ | saqarik /saqaɾik/ | utz iwäch /uts iwætʃ/ | kʼamta /kʼamta/ | ma saʼ laachʼool /ma sa laːtʃʼoːl/ | chjonte tey /tʃhonte tej/ |
| Obrigado | tantixh /tantiʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | matyox /matjoʃ/ | tixwajʼ /tiʃwahʼ/ | bantyox /bantjoʃ/ | chjonte /tʃhonte/ |
| Um | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /xun/ | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Bom | utzʼ /utsʼ/ | utz /uts/ | utz /uts/ | utz /uts/ | saqʼ /saqʼ/ | us /us/ | banix /baniʃ/ |
Parte do LangMap — um projeto de visualização linguística. Este é um resumo estático e rastreável; os mapas interativos oferecem áudio de pronúncia, filtros e uma vista de globo.