Batsʼil kʼop
Tzeltal
Mayan (Cholan-Tseltalan)
Tzeltal (Bats'il kʼop, "true language") is a Mayan language of the Tseltalan branch, spoken in highland Chiapas, Mexico, with ~600K speakers — sister to Tzotzil within the Tseltalan branch. The largest Mayan language by L1 speakers in Mexico after Yucatec Maya. The Tzeltal Maya are concentrated in the Los Altos region (San Cristóbal de las Casas area), with notable communities in Oxchuc, Tenejapa, Bachajón, and other towns. Each town has its own variety. Recognized as a national language of Mexico (2003 law). Has the typical Mayan ergative-absolutive case system, person markers, and rich verbal aspect morphology. Latin orthography uses apostrophe for ejectives.
Dove si parla
20 parole essenziali in Tzeltal
Acqua
jaʼ
/xaʔ/
Fuoco
kʼaal
/kʼaːl/
Sole
kʼajkʼal
/kʼaxkʼal/
Luna
u
/u/
Madre
meʼ
/meʔ/
Padre
tat
/tat/
Mangiare
weʼel
/weʔel/
Bere
uchʼel
/utʃʼel/
Amore
kʼanbey
/kʼanbej/
Cuore
oʼtan
/oʔtan/
Albero
teʼ
/teʔ/
Casa
na
/na/
Cane
tsʼiʼ
/tsʼiʔ/
Gatto
mis
/mis/
Mano
kʼab
/kʼab/
Occhio
sit
/sit/
Ciao
banti winik
/banti winik/
Grazie
wokol awal
/wokol awal/
Uno
jun
/xun/
Buono
lek
/lek/
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confrontato con le lingue Mayan (Cholan-Tseltalan) correlate
| Significato | Tzeltal | tzotzil | Tojolabal | Chontal di Tabasco | Chol | Q'anjob'al | Maya itzá |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | voʼ /voʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ |
| Fuoco | kʼaal /kʼaːl/ | kʼokʼ /kʼokʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼajk /kʼahk/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ |
| Sole | kʼajkʼal /kʼaxkʼal/ | kʼakʼal /kʼakʼal/ | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ | kʼin /kʼin/ | kʼajn /kʼahn/ | kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ | kʼin /kʼin/ |
| Luna | u /u/ | u /u/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | ä /æ/ | uw /uw/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | uj /uh/ |
| Madre | meʼ /meʔ/ | meʼ /meʔ/ | nan /nan/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | ñaʼ /ɲaʔ/ | mim /mim/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Padre | tat /tat/ | tot /tot/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | tat /tat/ | mam /mam/ | tat /tat/ |
| Mangiare | weʼel /weʔel/ | veʼel /veʔel/ | waʼel /waʔel/ | weʼ /weʔ/ | kʼux /kʼuʃ/ | lo /lo/ | jant /hant/ |
| Bere | uchʼel /utʃʼel/ | uchʼ /utʃʼ/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | ukʼe /ukʼe/ | ucʼ /utsʼ/ | uku /uku/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ |
| Amore | kʼanbey /kʼanbej/ | kʼanel /kʼanel/ | skʼana /skʼana/ | kʼuxbe /kʼuʃbe/ | kʼuxbiñ /kʼuʃbiɲ/ | kʼamʼ /kʼamʔ/ | yakunti /jakunti/ |
| Cuore | oʼtan /oʔtan/ | oʼon /oʔon/ | alma /alma/ | pixan /piʃan/ | pusʼikʼal /pusʼikʼal/ | kʼulul /kʼulul/ | pukʼsikʼal /pukʼsikʼal/ |
| Albero | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ |
| Casa | na /na/ | na /na/ | naj /nah/ | otot /otot/ | otyot /otjot/ | na /na/ | nah /nah/ |
| Cane | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | pekʼ /pekʼ/ |
| Gatto | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mis /mis/ | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ |
| Mano | kʼab /kʼab/ | kʼob /kʼob/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kʼä /kʼæ/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | kʼab /kʼab/ |
| Occhio | sit /sit/ | sat /sat/ | satej /sateh/ | wich /witʃ/ | wut /wut/ | sat /sat/ | ich /itʃ/ |
| Ciao | banti winik /banti winik/ | kʼusi avokoluk /kʼusi avokoluk/ | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ | bin a bel /bin a bel/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kawal /kawal/ | bʼix a tʼan /biʃ a tʼan/ |
| Grazie | wokol awal /wokol awal/ | kolaval /kolaval/ | yuj /juh/ | dios boʼtik /dios boʔtik/ | wokox /wokoʃ/ | yuhwal /juhwal/ | dios bʼotik /dios botik/ |
| Uno | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | un /un/ | juñ /huɲ/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Buono | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | lek /lek/ | tsʼak /tsʼak/ | utsat /utsat/ | watxʼ /watʃʼ/ | malobʼ /malob/ |
Parte di LangMap — un progetto di visualizzazione linguistica. Questo è un riepilogo statico e scansionabile; le mappe interattive offrono audio di pronuncia, filtri e una vista globo.