Qašqāyī (قشقایی)
Bahasa Qashqai
Turkic (Oghuz, South Oghuz)
Qashqai (Qašqāyī) is a South Oghuz Turkic language spoken by the Qashqai tribal confederation of Fars Province in south-central Iran, with significant populations also in Bushehr, Kohgiluyeh-Boyer-Ahmad, Isfahan and Khuzestan. Despite being geographically isolated from the main Oghuz heartland (Anatolia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan), it is genealogically closest to Azerbaijani — sharing the Oghuz vowel harmony, agglutinative case suffixes, and personal endings — rather than to Turkish. Centuries of contact with Persian and Lori have produced extensive Iranian lexical borrowing and some calques in subordination patterns (Csató 2005). The Qashqai people remain partially nomadic, conducting one of the world's largest surviving long-distance seasonal migrations (ilraah) between summer pastures in the Zagros highlands and winter quarters in the southern lowlands. There is no codified standard orthography; Perso-Arabic is used in publications and Latin in scholarship.
Tempat dituturkan
20 kata inti dalam Bahasa Qashqai
Air
su
/su/
Api
od
/od/
Matahari
gün
/ɟyn/
Bulan
ay
/aj/
Ibu
ana
/ana/
Ayah
ata
/ata/
Makan
yemek
/jeˈmæc/
Minum
içmek
/itʃˈmæc/
Cinta
sevgi
/sevˈɟi/
Hati
ürek
/yˈɾæc/
Pohon
ağaç
/aˈʁatʃ/
Rumah
ev
/ev/
Anjing
it
/it/
Kucing
pišik
/piˈʃic/
Tangan
el
/el/
Mata
göz
/ɟøz/
Halo
salam
/saˈlam/
Terima kasih
sağ olun
/sɑːʁ oˈlun/
Satu
bir
/biɾ/
Baik
yaxşı
/jaxˈʃɯ/
Sumber
- Csató, Éva Á. (2005) "On copying in Kashkay", in Linguistic Convergence and Areal Diffusion: Case Studies from Iranian, Semitic and Turkic. Routledge, pp. 271-283
- Soper, John (1996) Loan Syntax in Turkic and Iranian. Eurolingua
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1988) Grammatik des Chaladsch. Harrassowitz (comparative South Oghuz reference)
- Glottolog: Qashqa'i
- Ethnologue: qxq
Perbandingan kata
Dibandingkan dengan bahasa Turkic (Oghuz, South Oghuz) terkait
| Arti | Bahasa Qashqai | Bahasa Azerbaijan Selatan | Bahasa Gagauz | bahasa Karakhanid | Azerbaijan | bahasa Karakalpak | Kumyk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air | su /su/ | سو /su/ | su /su/ | suw /suw/ | su /su/ | suw /suw/ | сув /suv/ |
| Api | od /od/ | اوْد /od/ | ateş /aˈteʃ/ | ot /ot/ | od /od/ | ot /ot/ | от /ot/ |
| Matahari | gün /ɟyn/ | گۆنش /ɡyneʃ/ | güneş /ɟyˈneʃ/ | kün /kyn/ | günəş /ɟynæʃ/ | kún /kyn/ | гюн /ɡyn/ |
| Bulan | ay /aj/ | آی /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ay /ɑj/ | ay /aj/ | ай /aj/ |
| Ibu | ana /ana/ | آنا /ana/ | ana /aˈna/ | ana /ana/ | ana /ɑnɑ/ | ana /ana/ | ана /ana/ |
| Ayah | ata /ata/ | آتا /ata/ | boba /boˈba/ | ata /ata/ | ata /ɑtɑ/ | ata /ata/ | ата /ata/ |
| Makan | yemek /jeˈmæc/ | یئمک /jemæk/ | imää /iˈmæː/ | yi- /ji/ | yemək /jemæc/ | jew /ʒew/ | ашамакъ /aʃamaq/ |
| Minum | içmek /itʃˈmæc/ | ایچمک /itʃmæk/ | içmää /itʃˈmæː/ | ič- /itʃ/ | içmək /ɪtʃmæc/ | ishiw /iʃiw/ | ичмек /itʃmek/ |
| Cinta | sevgi /sevˈɟi/ | سئوگی /sevɡi/ | sevgi /sevˈɟi/ | sevgü /sevɡy/ | sevgi /sevɟi/ | muhabbat /muhabbat/ | сюйюв /syjyv/ |
| Hati | ürek /yˈɾæc/ | اۆرک /yræk/ | üräk /yˈræk/ | yürek /jyrek/ | ürək /yɾæc/ | júrek /ʒyɾek/ | юрек /jyrek/ |
| Pohon | ağaç /aˈʁatʃ/ | آغاج /ɑɣɑdʒ/ | aaç /aːtʃ/ | ığač /ɯɣatʃ/ | ağac /ɑɣɑdʒ/ | ag'ash /aʁaʃ/ | терек /terek/ |
| Rumah | ev /ev/ | ائو /ev/ | ev /ev/ | ev /ev/ | ev /ev/ | úy /yj/ | уьй /yj/ |
| Anjing | it /it/ | ایت /it/ | köpek /køˈpek/ | it /it/ | it /ɪt/ | iyt /ijt/ | ит /it/ |
| Kucing | pišik /piˈʃic/ | پیشیک /piʃik/ | kedi /keˈdi/ | piši /piʃi/ | pişik /pɪʃɪc/ | pishik /piʃik/ | мишик /miʃik/ |
| Tangan | el /el/ | اَل /æl/ | el /el/ | qol /qol/ | əl /æl/ | qol /qol/ | къол /qol/ |
| Mata | göz /ɟøz/ | گؤز /ɡøz/ | göz /ɟøz/ | köz /køz/ | göz /ɟøz/ | kóz /køz/ | гёз /ɡøz/ |
| Halo | salam /saˈlam/ | سلام /sælam/ | selam /seˈlam/ | salām /salaːm/ | salam /sɑlɑm/ | salam /salam/ | ассаламу алейкум /asːalamu alejkum/ |
| Terima kasih | sağ olun /sɑːʁ oˈlun/ | ساغ اول /saɣ ol/ | saa ol /saː ol/ | tabug /tabuɡ/ | təşəkkür /tæʃecːyɾ/ | rahmet /ɾaχmet/ | савбол /savbol/ |
| Satu | bir /biɾ/ | بیر /bir/ | bir /bir/ | bir /bir/ | bir /bɪɾ/ | bir /biɾ/ | бир /bir/ |
| Baik | yaxşı /jaxˈʃɯ/ | یاخشی /jaxʃɯ/ | ii /iː/ | yaqšı /jaqʃɯ/ | yaxşı /jɑxʃɯ/ | jaqsi /ʒaqsɯ/ | яхшы /jaχʃə/ |
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