yaġnobí zivók
Yaghnobi
Iranian (Eastern)
Yaghnobi is the only modern descendant of Sogdian, the Eastern Iranian lingua franca of the Silk Road for over a thousand years and the language of the Buddhist and Manichean documents of Dunhuang. It is spoken by descendants of Sogdian refugees who fled the 8th-century Arab conquest into the inaccessible Yaghnob valley of Tajikistan's Zarafshon range, and is one of the linguistically most precious minority languages in the world for the historical-comparative work it makes possible.
Where it is spoken
20 core words in Yaghnobi
Water
sima
/sima/
Fire
pušaki
/puʃaki/
Sun
lam
/lam/
Moon
hanuxa
/hanuxa/
Mother
tapi
/tapi/
Father
imu
/imu/
Eat
atama
/atama/
Drink
ala
/ala/
Love
kur
/kur/
Heart
seskin
/seskin/
Tree
šopeya
/ʃopeja/
House
akar
/akar/
Dog
yašala
/jaʃala/
Cat
kyat
/kjat/
Hand
yaš
/jaʃ/
Eye
tala
/tala/
Hello
салом
/salom/
Thank you
рахмат
/rahmat/
One
koli
/koli/
Good
welisa
/welisa/
Words compared
Compared with related Iranian (Eastern) languages
| Meaning | Yaghnobi | Cham | Gilbertese | Minangkabau | Iban | Samoan | Waray |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | sima /sima/ | ia /ja/ | ran /ɾan/ | aia /aia/ | ai /ai/ | vai /vai/ | tubig /tubiɡ/ |
| Fire | pušaki /puʃaki/ | apuei /apuei/ | ai /ai/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | afi /afi/ | kalayo /kalajɔ/ |
| Sun | lam /lam/ | aditiak /aditiak/ | tai /tai/ | matoari /matoaɾi/ | mata-ari /mataari/ | lā /laː/ | adlaw /ʔadlaw/ |
| Moon | hanuxa /hanuxa/ | bilan /bilan/ | namwakaina /namʷakaina/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | māsina /maːsina/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Mother | tapi /tapi/ | mai /mai/ | tinau /tinau/ | amak /amaʔ/ | indai /indai/ | tinā /tinaː/ | nanay /nanaj/ |
| Father | imu /imu/ | amaa /amaː/ | tamau /tamau/ | abak /abaʔ/ | apai /apai/ | tamā /tamaː/ | tatay /tataj/ |
| Eat | atama /atama/ | huak /huak/ | amwarake /amʷaɾake/ | makan /makan/ | makai /makai/ | ʻai /ʔai/ | kaon /kaʔon/ |
| Drink | ala /ala/ | maum /maum/ | nima /nima/ | minum /minum/ | ngirup /ŋirup/ | inu /inu/ | inom /ʔinɔm/ |
| Love | kur /kur/ | gauh /ɡauh/ | tangira /taŋiɾa/ | cinto /tʃinto/ | rinduai /rinduai/ | alofa /alofa/ | gugma /ɡuɡma/ |
| Heart | seskin /seskin/ | hatai /hatai/ | nano /nano/ | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | loto /loto/ | kasingkasing /kasiŋkasiŋ/ |
| Tree | šopeya /ʃopeja/ | kayuw /kajuv/ | kai /kai/ | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | laʻau /laʔau/ | kahoy /kahɔj/ |
| House | akar /akar/ | thang /tʰaŋ/ | auti /auti/ | rumah /ɾumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | fale /fale/ | balay /balaj/ |
| Dog | yašala /jaʃala/ | athuw /atʰuv/ | kamea /kamea/ | anjiang /aɲdʒiaŋ/ | ukui /ukui/ | maile /maile/ | ayam /ˈʔajam/ |
| Cat | kyat /kjat/ | meuw /meuv/ | katu /katu/ | kuciang /kutʃiaŋ/ | mayau /majau/ | pusi /pusi/ | misay /misaj/ |
| Hand | yaš /jaʃ/ | tangin /taŋin/ | bai /bai/ | tangan /taŋan/ | jari /dʒari/ | lima /lima/ | kamot /kamɔt/ |
| Eye | tala /tala/ | matá /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Hello | салом /salom/ | salam /salam/ | mauri /mauɾi/ | salam /salam/ | salam /salam/ | talofa /talofa/ | kumusta /kumusta/ |
| Thank you | рахмат /rahmat/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasiʔ/ | ko rabwa /ko ɾabʷa/ | tarimo kasiah /taɾimo kasiah/ | terima kasih /terima kasih/ | faʻafetai /faʔafetai/ | salamat /salamat/ |
| One | koli /koli/ | tha /tʰa/ | teuana /teuana/ | ciek /tʃieʔ/ | satu /satu/ | tasi /tasi/ | usa /ʔusa/ |
| Good | welisa /welisa/ | siam /siam/ | raoiroi /ɾaoiɾoi/ | rancak /ɾantʃaʔ/ | manah /manah/ | lelei /lelei/ | maupay /maʔupaj/ |
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