удиэ кэйэвэни

Udege

Tungusic (Northern, Udege-Oroch subgroup — sister to Oroch and Negidal)

FamilyTungusic (Northern, Udege-Oroch subgroup — sister to Oroch and Negidal) Speakers~100 fluent ScriptCyrillic CountriesRussia Official inRussia Vitalityseverely-endangered ISO 639-3ude

Udege (autonymously "удиэ кэйэвэни" Udihe Keyeveni or "Udeγe") is a Northern Tungusic language of the Russian Far East spoken by traditional taiga hunter-gatherers known as "tiger-and-taiga people". The Udege were romanticized in Vladimir Arsenyev's "Dersu Uzala" (1923) — Dersu was an Udege hunter-guide. Severely endangered: only ~100 fluent speakers remain among ~1,500 ethnic Udege, with younger generations Russian-dominant. The Bikin Valley Udege community in Krasnyy Yar is the largest contemporary settlement and the focus of cultural preservation through the Bikin National Park established 2015. Linguistically, Udege has rich vowel harmony, complex spatial case morphology, and distinctive evidentiality marking.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Udege

Water

уй

/uj/

Fire

тогбо

/toɡbo/

Sun

даигаси

/daiɡasi/

Moon

биа

/bia/

Mother

энэ

/ene/

Father

амэ

/amə/

Eat

джевэ

/d͡ʒevə/

Drink

омимэ

/omimə/

Love

чисанай

/t͡ʃisanaj/

Heart

миаван

/miavan/

Tree

мо

/mo/

House

дзугди

/d͡zuɡdi/

Dog

инай

/inaj/

Cat

кошк

/koʃk/

Hand

нала

/nala/

Eye

писа

/pisa/

Hello

бандиба

/bandiba/

Thank you

нюхча

/ɲuxt͡ʃa/

One

омо

/omo/

Good

ая

/aja/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Tungusic (Northern, Udege-Oroch subgroup — sister to Oroch and Negidal) languages

Meaning UdegeNanaiEvenkiJurchenEven (Lamut)SibeManchu
Water уй /uj/ муэ /mue/ му /mu/ muke /muke/ му /mu/ ᠮᡠᡴᡝ /mukə/ ᠮᡠᡴᡝ /mukə/
Fire тогбо /toɡbo/ това /tova/ того /toɡo/ tuwa /tuwa/ тоог /toːɡ/ ᡨᡠᠸᠠ /tuwa/ ᡨᡠᠸᠠ /tuwa/
Sun даигаси /daiɡasi/ сиун /siun/ дылача /dɯlatɕa/ šun /ʃun/ нөлтэн /nølten/ ᠰᡠᠨ /sun/ ᡧᡠᠨ /ʃun/
Moon биа /bia/ биа /bia/ бега /beɡa/ biya /bija/ бяг /bjaɡ/ ᠪᡳᠶᠠ /bija/ ᠪᡳᠶᠠ /bija/
Mother энэ /ene/ энин /enin/ эни /eni/ eme /eme/ эньэн /eɲen/ ᡝᠨᡞᠶᡝ /ənije/ ᡝᠨᡳᠶᡝ /ənijə/
Father амэ /amə/ ама /ama/ ама /ama/ ama /ama/ ама /ama/ ᠠᠮᠠ /ama/ ᠠᠮᠠ /ama/
Eat джевэ /d͡ʒevə/ депу /depu/ дептэ /depte/ jefu /dʒefu/ дьэб /dʒeb/ ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡞ /d͡ʒəmbi/ ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡳ /dʒəmbi/
Drink омимэ /omimə/ омичи /omitʃi/ умӣ /umiː/ omi /omi/ ум /um/ ᠣᠮᡳᠪᡞ /omibi/ ᠣᠮᡳᠪᡳ /omibi/
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