KʌThemnɛ

Themne

Atlantic-Congo (Mel)

FamilyAtlantic-Congo (Mel) Speakers~1.5M ScriptLatin CountriesSierra Leone Official inNo (recognized) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3tem

Themne (KʌThemnɛ) is one of the two largest Sierra Leonean languages alongside Mende, with ~1.5M speakers in the northern half of the country (Bombali, Tonkolili, Port Loko, Kambia, Karene districts). Part of the Mel branch of Atlantic-Congo (Niger-Congo), it is unrelated to most other major West African languages — Mel languages are restricted to Sierra Leone, Liberia, and adjacent areas. Has a grammatical noun-class system marked by class prefixes (kʌ-, ka-, m-, etc.) typical of Atlantic-Congo. Tonal language. The Themne were one of the major pre-colonial polities of the area; today Themne speakers form an important political and cultural constituency in Sierra Leone.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Themne

Water

mant

/mant/

Fire

anang

/anaŋ/

Sun

arɛ

/arɛ/

Moon

arai

/arai/

Star

woray

/woraj/

Mother

ya

/ja/

Father

pa

/pa/

I

mi

/mi/

You

/mʌ/

Name

es

/ɛs/

Eye

ari

/ari/

Hand

anpa

/anpa/

Heart

ka-yɔn

/kajɔn/

Love

ka-haŋkə

/kahaŋkə/

Tree

kʌ-ant

/kʌant/

House

anseth

/ansetʰ/

Dog

kabul

/kabul/

Cat

kanaŋ

/kanaŋ/

Eat

ði

/ði/

Drink

di

/di/

One

piɲ

/piɲ/

Two

ka-rəŋ

/rəŋ/

Hello

seke

/seke/

Thank you

sɔŋ

/sɔŋ/

Good

lɔŋ

/lɔŋ/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Atlantic-Congo (Mel) languages

Meaning ThemneAukan (Ndyuka)Sranan TongoMeta'Tok PisinKrioYanbian Korean
Water mant /mant/ watra /watra/ watra /watra/ /mə/ wara /waɾa/ wata /ˈwata/ /mul/
Fire anang /anaŋ/ faya /faja/ faya /faja/ mɔŋ /mɔŋ/ paia /paja/ faya /ˈfaja/ /pul/
Sun arɛ /arɛ/ son /soŋ/ son /son/ nyam /ɲam/ san /san/ san /san/ /hɛ/
Moon arai /arai/ mun /mun/ mun /mun/ nuŋ /nuŋ/ mun /mun/ mun /mun/ /tal/
Star woray /woraj/ sitari /siˈtari/ stari /ˈstari/ ntsə́ /ntsə́/ sta /sta/ star /staː/ /pjʌl/
Mother ya /ja/ mma /mːa/ mama /mama/ ma /ma/ mama /mama/ mama /ˈmama/ 오마니 /omani/
Father pa /pa/ tata /tata/ papa /papa/ ta /ta/ papa /papa/ papa /ˈpapa/ 아바이 /abai/
I mi /mi/ mi /mi/ mi /mi/ mə̀ /mə̀/ mi /mi/ mi /mi/ /na/
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