KʌThemnɛ

Themne

Atlantic-Congo (Mel)

FamilyAtlantic-Congo (Mel) Speakers~1.5M ScriptLatin CountriesSierra Leone Official inNo (recognized) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3tem

Themne (KʌThemnɛ) is one of the two largest Sierra Leonean languages alongside Mende, with ~1.5M speakers in the northern half of the country (Bombali, Tonkolili, Port Loko, Kambia, Karene districts). Part of the Mel branch of Atlantic-Congo (Niger-Congo), it is unrelated to most other major West African languages — Mel languages are restricted to Sierra Leone, Liberia, and adjacent areas. Has a grammatical noun-class system marked by class prefixes (kʌ-, ka-, m-, etc.) typical of Atlantic-Congo. Tonal language. The Themne were one of the major pre-colonial polities of the area; today Themne speakers form an important political and cultural constituency in Sierra Leone.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Themne

Water

mant

/mant/

Fire

anang

/anaŋ/

Sun

arɛ

/arɛ/

Moon

arai

/arai/

Mother

ya

/ja/

Father

pa

/pa/

Eat

ði

/ði/

Drink

di

/di/

Love

ka-haŋkə

/kahaŋkə/

Heart

ka-yɔn

/kajɔn/

Tree

kʌ-ant

/kʌant/

House

anseth

/ansetʰ/

Dog

kabul

/kabul/

Cat

kanaŋ

/kanaŋ/

Hand

anpa

/anpa/

Eye

ari

/ari/

Hello

seke

/seke/

Thank you

sɔŋ

/sɔŋ/

One

piɲ

/piɲ/

Good

lɔŋ

/lɔŋ/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Atlantic-Congo (Mel) languages

Meaning ThemneTao/YamiMeta'KanuriAmbon MalayMusiAukan (Ndyuka)
Water mant /mant/ ranom /ranom/ /mə/ nji /ndʒi/ aer /aer/ ayek /ajek/ watra /watra/
Fire anang /anaŋ/ apuy /apuj/ mɔŋ /mɔŋ/ kannu /kanːu/ api /api/ api /api/ faya /faja/
Sun arɛ /arɛ/ araw /araw/ nyam /ɲam/ kiŋal /kiŋal/ mata hari /mata hari/ matahari /matahari/ son /soŋ/
Moon arai /arai/ vehan /vehan/ nuŋ /nuŋ/ kəmbal /kəmbal/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ mun /mun/
Mother ya /ja/ ina /ina/ ma /ma/ ya /ja/ mama /mama/ mak /mak/ mma /mːa/
Father pa /pa/ ama /ama/ ta /ta/ aba /aba/ papa /papa/ bapak /bapak/ tata /tata/
Eat ði /ði/ kuman /kuman/ /me/ bayem /bajem/ makang /makaŋ/ makan /makan/ nyan /ɲaŋ/
Drink di /di/ minum /minum/ nyo /ɲo/ simem /simem/ minong /minoŋ/ minum /minum/ diingi /diːŋi/
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