romani čhib (Kalderash)

Vlax Romani

Indo-Aryan (Romani)

FamilyIndo-Aryan (Romani) Speakers~1.5M ScriptLatin CountriesRomania, Hungary, Serbia, Russia, Americas (diaspora) Official inNo Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3rmy

Vlax Romani is the most widely spoken Romani dialect cluster, with Kalderash and Lovari as major sub-varieties; speakers are concentrated in Romania, Hungary, Serbia, Russia, and the diaspora communities of the Americas. It absorbed substantial Romanian and Slavic vocabulary during the Romani migration through the Balkans during Ottoman times, while preserving the Indic morphological core (case suffixes, gender) inherited from a medieval North-Indian Indo-Aryan source related to, but not descended from, Domari.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Vlax Romani

Water

pani

/pani/

Fire

jag

/jaɡ/

Sun

kham

/kʰam/

Moon

čhonut

/tʃʰonut/

Star

čerhaj

/tʃerˈhaj/

Mother

dej

/dej/

Father

dad

/dad/

I

me

/me/

You

tu

/tu/

Name

anav

/aˈnav/

Eye

jakh

/jakʰ/

Hand

vast

/vast/

Heart

ilo

/ilo/

Love

kamlipe

/kamˈlipe/

Tree

kašt

/kaʃt/

House

kher

/kʰer/

Dog

žukel

/ʒukel/

Cat

mačka

/matʃka/

Eat

xav

/xav/

Drink

pijav

/pijav/

One

jek

/jek/

Two

duj

/duj/

Hello

t’aves baxtalo

/tʼaves baxtalo/

Thank you

najis tuke

/najis tuke/

Good

mišto

/miʃto/

Cuckoo

kuko

/ˈkuko/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-Aryan (Romani) languages

Meaning Vlax RomaniRomaniFinnish RomaniSylhetiRangpuriCaribbean HindustaniGarhwali
Water pani /pani/ pani /ˈpani/ paani /paːni/ পানি /pani/ পানি /pani/ paani /paːni/ पाणि /paːɳi/
Fire jag /jaɡ/ jag /jaɡ/ jaak /jaːk/ আগুন /aɡun/ আগুন /aɡun/ aag /aːɡ/ आग /aːɡ/
Sun kham /kʰam/ kham /kʰam/ kham /kʰam/ সুরুজ /suruz/ সুরুজ /suɾudʒ/ suuraj /suːɾədʒ/ सूरज /suːraj/
Moon čhonut /tʃʰonut/ čhon /tʃʰon/ choon /tʃʰoːn/ চান /tʃan/ চাইন /tʃain/ caand /tʃãːd/ चंदा /tʃəndaː/
Star čerhaj /tʃerˈhaj/ čerhaj /tʃerˈhaj/ čerhai /tʃerhai/ তারা /tara/ তারা /t̪aɾa/ taaraa /taːraː/ तारा /taːɾaː/
Mother dej /dej/ daj /ˈdaj/ daij /daij/ মা /ma/ মাও /mao/ mai /mai/ बोई /boi/
Father dad /dad/ dad /ˈdad/ daad /daːd/ বাফ /baf/ বাও /bao/ baap /baːp/ बाब /baːb/
I me /me/ me /me/ me /me/ আমি /ami/ মুই /mui/ ham /ɦəm/ मि /mi/
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