Kĩmĩĩru

Meru

Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50/E.60 — Mount Kenya cluster)

FamilyNiger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50/E.60 — Mount Kenya cluster) Speakers~2M ScriptLatin CountriesKenya (Meru and Tharaka-Nithi counties; eastern and northeastern slopes of Mount Kenya) Official inNo (Swahili and English are official; recognized as an indigenous Kenyan language under the 2010 constitution) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3mer

Meru (Kĩmĩĩru) is a Bantu language of central Kenya spoken by the Ameru people on the eastern and northeastern slopes of Mount Kenya, with roughly 2 million speakers. It belongs to the Mount Kenya cluster of the Bantu E.50 / E.60 zone alongside Kikuyu (ki), Embu (ebu), and Kamba (kam), with which it shares extensive cognate vocabulary and a 7-vowel ATR-contrast system. The orthography uses tilde diacritics on ĩ and ũ to mark the non-ATR (lax) variants — a convention shared with Kikuyu and Embu. Meru comprises several mutually intelligible varieties: Imenti (the largest and basis of standard written Meru), Tigania, Igembe, Igoji, Mwimbi-Muthambi, and Chuka; Tharaka, spoken on the southern fringe, is sometimes classified as a separate language. The Bible was fully translated by 1964. Meru is recognized as an indigenous Kenyan language under the 2010 constitution and is used in primary education and regional broadcasting.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Meru

Water

rũũjĩ

/ɾuːdʒi/

Fire

mwaki

/mwaki/

Sun

rĩũa

/ɾiua/

Moon

mweri

/mweɾi/

Mother

mami

/mami/

Father

baba

/baba/

Eat

kũrĩa

/kuɾia/

Drink

kũnyũa

/kuɲua/

Love

wendo

/wendo/

Heart

ngoro

/ŋɡoɾo/

Tree

mũtĩ

/muti/

House

nyomba

/ɲomba/

Dog

ngiti

/ŋɡiti/

Cat

nyau

/ɲau/

Hand

njara

/ndʒaɾa/

Eye

rĩĩthwa

/ɾiːθwa/

Hello

mwega

/mweɡa/

Thank you

nĩ baba

/ni baba/

One

ĩmwe

/imwe/

Good

mwega

/mweɡa/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50/E.60 — Mount Kenya cluster) languages

Meaning MeruEmbuKikuyuKambaAsuNdauNyaturu
Water rũũjĩ /ɾuːdʒi/ mai /mai/ maaĩ /maːi/ kĩw'ũ /kiwu/ mende /mende/ mvura /mvuɾa/ maazi /maːzi/
Fire mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mshika /mʃika/ muriro /muɾiɾo/ moto /moto/
Sun rĩũa /ɾiua/ rĩũa /ɾiua/ rĩũa /ɾiwa/ syũa /sjua/ nyu /ɲu/ zuva /zuva/ nzua /nzua/
Moon mweri /mweɾi/ mweri /mweɾi/ mweri /mweɾi/ mwei /mwei/ mwezi /mwezi/ mwedzi /mwedzi/ umweri /umweɾi/
Mother mami /mami/ mami /mami/ maitũ /maitu/ mwaitũ /mwaitu/ mama /mama/ amai /amai/ mama /mama/
Father baba /baba/ baba /baba/ baba /baba/ asa /asa/ baba /baba/ baba /baba/ tata /tata/
Eat kũrĩa /kuɾia/ kũrĩa /kuɾia/ kũrĩa /kuɾia/ kũya /kuja/ kurya /kuɾja/ kudya /kudʒa/ kuria /kuɾia/
Drink kũnyũa /kuɲua/ kũnyua /kuɲua/ kũnyua /kuɲua/ kũnywa /kuɲwa/ kunwa /kunwa/ kunwa /kunwa/ kunywa /kuɲwa/
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