Kĩembu

Embu

Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50)

FamilyNiger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50) Speakers~600K ScriptLatin CountriesKenya (Embu, Tharaka-Nithi, Kirinyaga counties) Official inNo (Swahili and English are official; recognized as one of Kenya's indigenous Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3ebu

Embu (Kĩembu) is a Bantu language of the Central Kenya Highlands spoken by the Embu people of Embu County and adjacent Tharaka-Nithi and Kirinyaga counties on the southeastern slopes of Mount Kenya, with ~600K speakers. It belongs to the Bantu E.50 (Central Kenya Bantu) group together with Kikuyu (ki, kik), Meru (mer), Kamba (kam) and others, and shares many cognates and grammatical features with these neighbors. Like other Bantu languages, Embu has a noun-class system (~18 classes), agglutinative verbal morphology, and tonal phonology. Recognized as an indigenous Kenyan language under the 2010 constitution. Strong oral tradition; bible translation completed late 20th century.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Embu

Water

mai

/mai/

Fire

mwaki

/mwaki/

Sun

rĩũa

/ɾiua/

Moon

mweri

/mweɾi/

Mother

mami

/mami/

Father

baba

/baba/

Eat

kũrĩa

/kuɾia/

Drink

kũnyua

/kuɲua/

Love

wendo

/wendo/

Heart

ngoro

/ŋɡoɾo/

Tree

mũtĩ

/muti/

House

nyũmba

/ɲumba/

Dog

ngui

/ŋɡui/

Cat

nyau

/ɲau/

Hand

guoko

/ɡuoko/

Eye

riitho

/ɾiːθo/

Hello

mwega

/mweɡa/

Thank you

nĩ baba

/ni baba/

One

ĩmwe

/imwe/

Good

mwega

/mweɡa/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50) languages

Meaning EmbuKikuyuMeruKambaAsuNyaturuShambala
Water mai /mai/ maaĩ /maːi/ rũũjĩ /ɾuːdʒi/ kĩw'ũ /kiwu/ mende /mende/ maazi /maːzi/ mazi /mazi/
Fire mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mshika /mʃika/ moto /moto/ moto /moto/
Sun rĩũa /ɾiua/ rĩũa /ɾiwa/ rĩũa /ɾiua/ syũa /sjua/ nyu /ɲu/ nzua /nzua/ zuwa /zuwa/
Moon mweri /mweɾi/ mweri /mweɾi/ mweri /mweɾi/ mwei /mwei/ mwezi /mwezi/ umweri /umweɾi/ mwezi /mwezi/
Mother mami /mami/ maitũ /maitu/ mami /mami/ mwaitũ /mwaitu/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/
Father baba /baba/ baba /baba/ baba /baba/ asa /asa/ baba /baba/ tata /tata/ baba /baba/
Eat kũrĩa /kuɾia/ kũrĩa /kuɾia/ kũrĩa /kuɾia/ kũya /kuja/ kurya /kuɾja/ kuria /kuɾia/ kuya /kuja/
Drink kũnyua /kuɲua/ kũnyua /kuɲua/ kũnyũa /kuɲua/ kũnywa /kuɲwa/ kunwa /kunwa/ kunywa /kuɲwa/ kunywa /kuɲwa/
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