Kĩembu

Embu

Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50)

FamilyNiger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50) Speakers~600K ScriptLatin CountriesKenya (Embu, Tharaka-Nithi, Kirinyaga counties) Official inNo (Swahili and English are official; recognized as one of Kenya's indigenous languages) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3ebu

Embu (Kĩembu) is a Bantu language of the Central Kenya Highlands spoken by the Embu people of Embu County and adjacent Tharaka-Nithi and Kirinyaga counties on the southeastern slopes of Mount Kenya, with ~600K speakers. It belongs to the Bantu E.50 (Central Kenya Bantu) group together with Kikuyu (ki, kik), Meru (mer), Kamba (kam) and others, and shares many cognates and grammatical features with these neighbors. Like other Bantu languages, Embu has a noun-class system (~18 classes), agglutinative verbal morphology, and tonal phonology. Recognized as an indigenous Kenyan language under the 2010 constitution. Strong oral tradition; bible translation completed late 20th century.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Embu

Water

mai

/mai/

Fire

mwaki

/mwaki/

Sun

rĩũa

/ɾiua/

Moon

mweri

/mweɾi/

Star

njata

/ɲdʒata/

Mother

mami

/mami/

Father

baba

/baba/

I

nĩĩ

/niː/

You

wee

/weː/

Name

rĩĩtwa

/ɾɪːtwa/

Eye

riitho

/ɾiːθo/

Hand

guoko

/ɡuoko/

Heart

ngoro

/ŋɡoɾo/

Love

wendo

/wendo/

Tree

mũtĩ

/muti/

House

nyũmba

/ɲumba/

Dog

ngui

/ŋɡui/

Cat

nyau

/ɲau/

Eat

kũrĩa

/kuɾia/

Drink

kũnyua

/kuɲua/

One

ĩmwe

/imwe/

Two

ijĩrĩ

/idʒɪɾɪ/

Hello

mwega

/mweɡa/

Thank you

nĩ baba

/ni baba/

Good

mwega

/mweɡa/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50) languages

Meaning EmbuKikuyuMeruKambaShambalaAsuNyaturu
Water mai /mai/ maaĩ /maːi/ rũũjĩ /ɾuːdʒi/ kĩw'ũ /kiwu/ mazi /mazi/ mende /mende/ maazi /maːzi/
Fire mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ mwaki /mwaki/ moto /moto/ mshika /mʃika/ moto /moto/
Sun rĩũa /ɾiua/ rĩũa /ɾiwa/ rĩũa /ɾiua/ syũa /sjua/ zuwa /zuwa/ idhuva /iðuʋa/ nzua /nzua/
Moon mweri /mweɾi/ mweri /mweɾi/ mweri /mweɾi/ mwei /mwei/ mwezi /mwezi/ mwezi /mwezi/ umweri /umweɾi/
Star njata /ɲdʒata/ njata /ɲdʒata/ njata /ɲdʒata/ nzaĩ /nzai/ nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ nyeenyeeri /ɲeːɲeːri/
Mother mami /mami/ maitũ /maitu/ mami /mami/ mwaitũ /mwaitu/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/
Father baba /baba/ baba /baba/ baba /baba/ asa /asa/ baba /baba/ baba /baba/ tata /tata/
I nĩĩ /niː/ niĩ /niː/ nyie /ɲie/ nyie /ɲie/ niye /nije/ mine /mine/ une /une/
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