Jinghpaw

Jingpo (Kachin)

Sino-Tibetan (Sal, Jingpho)

FamilySino-Tibetan (Sal, Jingpho) Speakers~900K ScriptLatin (Jinghpaw orthography); Chinese-style romanization in China CountriesMyanmar (Kachin State); China (Yunnan, as Jingpo) Official inMyanmar (Kachin State); China (autonomous prefecture) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3kac

Jingpho (Kachin, called Jǐngpō in China) is the principal Sal-branch Tibeto-Burman language of northern Myanmar's Kachin State and adjacent Yunnan, with ~900K speakers. Functions as the lingua franca of the multi-ethnic Kachin people, who speak six distinct languages but share a common identity. Tonal (4 tones), with verb-final word order and elaborate evidentiality marking. Latin orthography developed by American Baptist missionary Ola Hanson in 1895, with diacritics for tone (Hanson script remains standard). Used in primary education in Kachin State.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Jingpo (Kachin)

Water

hka

/kʰaː˧/

Fire

wan

/waːn˧/

Sun

jan

/dʒan˧/

Moon

shata

/ʃata˧/

Mother

nu

/nu˧/

Father

wa

/wa˧/

Eat

sha

/ʃa˧/

Drink

lu

/lu˧/

Love

tsaw ra

/tsau˧ra˧/

Heart

salum

/salum˧/

Tree

hpun

/pʰun˧/

House

nta

/nta˧/

Dog

gwi

/ɡwi˧/

Cat

nyaung

/ɲauŋ˧/

Hand

lata

/lata˧/

Eye

myi

/mji˧/

Hello

kaja i

/kadʒa˧i˧/

Thank you

chyeju kaba

/tʃedʒu˧kaba˧/

One

langai

/laŋai˧/

Good

kaja

/kadʒa˧/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Sino-Tibetan (Sal, Jingpho) languages

Meaning Jingpo (Kachin)Pwo KarenAkhaAzheHakka ChineseNaxiTangut
Water hka /kʰaː˧/ ထံ /tʰi˧/ i tsi /i˧tsɨ˧/ ʑɿ /ʑɿ˧˧/ /sui˧˩/ gee /ɡɯ˧/ 𗀚 /tjɨ˧/
Fire wan /waːn˧/ မ့ၣ် /me˨˩/ mji /mji˧/ mi /mi˧˧/ /fo˧˩/ mee /mɯ˧/ 𘎩 /me˧/
Sun jan /dʒan˧/ မုန် /mu˧/ nyi ma /ɲi˧ma˧/ ŋni /ŋnʲi˧˧/ 日头 /ŋit˧tʰeu˧˥/ ny-mei /nĩ˧mi˧/ 𘂴 /pjij˧˥/
Moon shata /ʃata˧/ လး /la˧/ ba la /ba˧la˧/ ɬɛ /ɬɛ˧˧/ 月光 /ŋiet˧koŋ˥/ he-mei /hɯ˧mi˧/ 𗏯 /lja˧˥/
Mother nu /nu˧/ မိ /mu˧˥/ a ma /a˧ma˧/ amo /amo˧˧/ 阿姆 /a˥me˧/ mei /mei˧/ 𘎒 /ma˧˥/
Father wa /wa˧/ ဖါ /pa˧/ a da /a˧da˧/ ada /ada˧˧/ 阿爸 /a˥pa˥/ av /a˧/ 𗥃 /pa˧/
Eat sha /ʃa˧/ အၢင် /ai˧˩/ za /dza˧/ dza /dza˧˧/ /sɨt˧/ zo /d͡zo˧/ 𗅋 /dzjij˧˥/
Drink lu /lu˧/ အူ /ɔ˧/ tu /tu˧/ du /du˧˧/ /iam˧˩/ chil /t͡ʂʰi˥/ 𘉞 /tʰjij˧˥/
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