Wam

Misak

Barbacoan

FamilyBarbacoan Speakers~25K (vulnerable) ScriptLatin CountriesColombia Official inColombia Vitalityvulnerable ISO 639-3gum

Misak (autonymously Wam, also known as Guambiano) is a Barbacoan language of southwestern Colombia, spoken by around 25,000 indigenous Misak people in the Cauca Department, primarily in the Misak Resguardo de Guambía at Silvia, Cauca. Linguistically, Misak is part of the Barbacoan family alongside Awa Pit (kwi) of Colombia/Ecuador, Cha'palaa (cbi) of Ecuador, and Tsafiki (cof) of Ecuador. The Misak are notable for their strong cultural autonomy and distinctive cultural traditions, including their hat-wearing tradition and their political activism — the Misak community has been one of the most prominent indigenous voices in Colombian national politics since the 1970s, with leaders like Lorenzo Muelas serving in the 1991 Constitutional Assembly that recognized indigenous rights in the new Colombian Constitution.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Misak

Water

unø

/unø/

Fire

nipi

/nipi/

Sun

shi

/ʃi/

Moon

atru

/atɾu/

Mother

mama

/mama/

Father

tata

/tata/

Eat

/mɵ/

Drink

ushi

/uʃi/

Love

kausrap

/kawsɾap/

Heart

mun

/mun/

Tree

yu

/ju/

House

ya

/ja/

Dog

kuchi

/kutʃi/

Cat

mishi

/miʃi/

Hand

mar

/maɾ/

Eye

kab

/kab/

Hello

ma'rik

/maʔɾik/

Thank you

payn

/pajn/

One

kan

/kan/

Good

kausrik

/kawsɾik/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Barbacoan languages

Meaning MisakAymaraCusco QuechuaAyacucho QuechuaMaquiritariPapiamentoQuechua
Water unø /unø/ uma /uma/ unu /unu/ yaku /jaku/ tuna /tuna/ awa /awa/ yaku /jaku/
Fire nipi /nipi/ nina /nina/ nina /nina/ nina /nina/ kayuwane /kajuwane/ kandela /kandela/ nina /nina/
Sun shi /ʃi/ inti /inti/ inti /inti/ inti /inti/ shi /ʃi/ solo /solo/ inti /inti/
Moon atru /atɾu/ phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ killa /kiʎa/ killa /kiʎa/ nuna /nuna/ luna /luna/ killa /kiʎa/
Mother mama /mama/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/ ñawi /ɲawi/ mama /mama/ mama /mama/
Father tata /tata/ tata /tata/ tayta /tajta/ tayta /tajta/ baba /baba/ tata /tata/ tayta /tajta/
Eat /mɵ/ manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ mikhuy /mikʰuj/ mikuy /mikuj/ äsuukai /ɨsuːkai/ kome /kome/ mikhuy /mikʰuj/
Drink ushi /uʃi/ umaña /umaɲa/ upyay /upjaj/ upyay /upjaj/ äsoojai /ɨsoːʒai/ bebe /bebe/ upyay /upjaj/
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