Kujamaat

Jola-Fonyi

Niger-Congo (Atlantic, Bak)

FamilyNiger-Congo (Atlantic, Bak) Speakers~600K ScriptLatin CountriesSenegal (Casamance), Gambia, Guinea-Bissau Official inNo (recognized regional) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3dyo

Jola-Fonyi (Kujamaat) is the principal Jola language of the Casamance region of southern Senegal, also spoken in Gambia and Guinea-Bissau, with ~600K speakers. The Jola people are known for their decentralized society (no traditional kings or chiefs), wet-rice cultivation in the mangrove deltas, and the Kankurang masquerade tradition (UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage 2008). Atlantic-Congo Bak branch with rich consonant inventory including implosives, ejectives, and labio-velars (kp, gb). Has noun-class system with concord, but unlike Bantu, classes are marked by suffixes. Recognized as one of Senegal's national languages.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Jola-Fonyi

Water

mumel

/mumel/

Fire

sambun

/sambun/

Sun

funak

/funak/

Moon

furu

/furu/

Mother

ino

/ino/

Father

ampa

/ampa/

Eat

e-ri

/eri/

Drink

ka-piti

/kapiti/

Love

bu-yopo

/bujopo/

Heart

pu-ngor

/puŋɡor/

Tree

bu-rok

/burok/

House

e-laaf

/elaːf/

Dog

e-buy

/ebuj/

Cat

e-busa

/ebusa/

Hand

bu-kal

/bukal/

Eye

u-kil

/ukil/

Hello

kasumay

/kasumaj/

Thank you

abara'k

/abaɾaʔk/

One

enor

/enor/

Good

esum

/esum/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo (Atlantic, Bak) languages

Meaning Jola-FonyiOld TagalogMaranaoNanaiTagalogHakha ChinTangkhul Naga
Water mumel /mumel/ ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ /tubiɡ/ ig /iɡ/ муэ /mue/ tubig /tubiɡ/ ti /ti/ ze /ze/
Fire sambun /sambun/ ᜀᜉᜓᜌ᜔ /apuj/ apoy /apoj/ това /tova/ apoy /ʔaˈpoj/ mei /mei/ mei /mei/
Sun funak /funak/ ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ /araw/ alongan /aloŋan/ сиун /siun/ araw /ˈʔaɾaw/ ni /ni/ nyithui /ɲitʰui/
Moon furu /furu/ ᜊᜓᜏᜈ᜔ /buwan/ bolan /bolan/ биа /bia/ buwan /buwan/ thla /tʰla/ lai /lai/
Mother ino /ino/ ᜁᜈ /ina/ ina /ina/ энин /enin/ ina /ʔiˈna/ nu /nu/ ina /ina/
Father ampa /ampa/ ᜀᜋ /ama/ ama /ama/ ама /ama/ ama /ʔaˈma/ pa /pa/ apa /apa/
Eat e-ri /eri/ ᜃᜁᜈ᜔ /kain/ mangan /maŋan/ депу /depu/ kumain /kumaˈʔin/ ei /ei/ ngui /ŋui/
Drink ka-piti /kapiti/ ᜁᜈᜓᜋ᜔ /inom/ minom /minom/ омичи /omitʃi/ uminom /ʔumiˈnom/ din /din/ rai /rai/
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