南寧平話

Pinghua

Sinitic (Pinghua)

FamilySinitic (Pinghua) Speakers話者不明 (徽語績歙片の一支) RomanizationPinghua Romanisation (平話拼音) ReadingPinghua — Nanning (Guangxi)

Pinghua — distinct Sinitic group of Guangxi, descended from Song-dynasty garrison Chinese settled among Zhuang speakers. Heavy Tai substrate, preservation of MC -p/-t/-k codas, and tonal patterns distinct from neighboring Yue.

Where it is spoken

Han character readings in Pinghua

Character Meaning Reading Form IPA
one it⁵ /it̚˥/
two ni²² /ni˨˨/
three sam⁵⁴ /saːm˥˦/
four si²² /si˨˨/
five ng²¹ /ŋ̍˨˩/
six lok²² /lok̚˨˨/
seven chat⁵ /tsʰɐt̚˥/
eight pat⁵ /pat̚˥/
nine kau³⁵ /kɐu˧˥/
ten sap²² /sɐp̚˨˨/
sun ni²² /ni˨˨/
moon ngye²² /ŋye˨˨/
mountain san³³ /san˧˧/
water sui³³ /sui˧˧/
fire xuo³³ /xuo˧˧/
tree muk⁵ /muk̚˥/
soil thu³⁵ /tʰu˧˥/
sky thien²¹ /tʰiɛn˨˩/
ground ti²¹³ /ti˨˩˧/
sea xai³⁵ /xai˧˥/
dragon loing²¹ /lœyŋ˨˩/
tiger xu²¹ /xu˨˩/
dog khing²¹ /kʰyiŋ˨˩/
horse ma²¹ /ma˨˩/
bird niau²¹ /niau˨˩/
fish y²¹ /y˨˩/
ox ngiu²⁴ /ŋiu˨˦/
sheep iang²⁴ /iaŋ˨˦/
cat mau⁴⁴ /mau˦˦/
person neing³³ /neiŋ˧˧/
hand chiu²¹ /tɕʰiu˨˩/
foot jy²⁴ /tsy˨˦/
eye mu²⁴ /mu˨˦/
ear er³³ /ɚ˧˧/
mouth khou³³ /kʰəu˧˧/
head thou³¹ /tʰəu˧˩/
heart sam²¹ /sɐm˨˩/
blood xye³⁵ /ɕye˧˥/
meat nyuk²² /ɲuk̚˨˨/
up song⁵³ /sɔŋ˥˧/
down xia⁵³ /ɕia˥˧/
middle zung⁴⁴ /tsuŋ˦˦/
hit zung²² /tsuŋ˨˨/
center iang⁵⁵ /iaŋ˥˥/
left zo³⁵ /tso˧˥/
right iou²⁴ /iou˨˦/
east tong³³ /toŋ˧˧/
西 west sai³³ /sai˧˧/
south nam²¹ /naːm˨˩/
north pak⁵ /pak̚˥/
go haing³³ /haiŋ˧˧/
row hang³³ /haŋ˧˧/
come le³³ /lɛ˧˧/
leave khoe⁵⁴ /kʰœ˥˦/
see jien⁵³ /tɕiɛn˥˧/
hear uen²¹ /uən˨˩/
eat sik²² /sɪk̚˨˨/
drink am⁵³ /ɐm˥˧/
run zeu²¹³ /tsɛu˨˩˧/
sit chho³³ /tsʰo˧˧/
stand lit⁵ /lit̚˥/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Sinitic (Pinghua) languages

Meaning PinghuaDongguan YueGaozhou YueZhongshan YueCantoneseNanning YueTaishanese
Water /ɬui˦˨/ /sui˧˥/ /sɵi˧˥/ /sɵy˧˥/ /sɵy˧˥/ /ɬɵy˧˥/ /ɬui˧˧/
Fire /fu˦˨/ /fɔ˧˥/ /fɔ˧˥/ /fɔ˧˥/ /fɔː˧˥/ /fɔ˧˥/ /fɔ˥˥/
Sun 日头 /ŋit˨tʰɐu˦˦/ 日头 /jɐt˨˨tʰɐu˨˩/ 日头 /jɐt˨tʰɐu˧˧/ 日頭 /jɐt˨ tʰɐu˨˩/ 日頭 /jɐt˨ tʰɐu˨˩/ 日头 /jɐt˨tʰɐu˨˩/ 日头 /ɲit˨˨hau˧˧/
Moon 月光 /ŋyt˨kwɔŋ˦˦/ 月光 /jyt˨kʷɔŋ˥˥/ 月光 /jyt˨kwɔŋ˥˥/ 月光 /jyt˨ kwɔŋ˥˧/ 月光 /jyːt˨ kʷɔːŋ˥/ 月光 /ŋyt˨kʷɔŋ˥˥/ 月光 /ɲut˧˧kwɔŋ˨˨/
Mother 阿妈 /a˦˦ma˦˦/ 阿妈 /a˧˧ma˥˥/ 妈妈 /maː˥˥maː˥˥/ 老母 /lou˩˧ mou˩˧/ 媽媽 /maː˥maː˥/ 老妈 /lau˧˩ma˥˥/ 阿妈 /a˧˧ma˥˥/
Father 阿爸 /a˦˦pa˦˦/ 阿爸 /a˧˧pa˥˥/ 爸爸 /paː˨˩paː˨˩/ 老豆 /lou˩˧ tɐu˨/ 爸爸 /paː˨˩paː˥/ 老窦 /lau˧˩tɐu˨˨/ 阿爸 /a˧˧pa˥˥/
Eat /sɐk˨/ /sɪk˨/ /sɪk˨˨/ /sɪk˨/ /sɪk˨/ /ɬɪk˨/ /ɬik˧˧/
Drink /ʔɐm˦˨/ /jɐm˧˥/ /jɐm˧˥/ /jɐm˧˥/ /jɐm˧˥/ /jɐm˧˥/ /ɲim˧˧/
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Han readings compared

Compared with related Sinitic (Pinghua) languages

Character PinghuaHuiyang HakkaMin BeiMeixian HakkaHakka ChineseTaiwanese HakkaGui-Liu Mandarin
it⁵ /it̚˥/ yit /jit̚˩/ 白讀ì /i˧˧/文讀ĭ /i˨˦/ yit /jit̚˩/ yit /jit̚˨/ id5 /it̚˨/ yi³¹ /i˧˩/
ni²² /ni˨˨/ ngì /ŋi˥˧/ 白讀lâng /laŋ˧˧/文讀 /ni˨˦/ ngì /ŋi˥˧/ ngi /ŋi˥˥/ ngi4 /ŋi˥˥/ er²⁴ /ɚ˨˦/
sam⁵⁴ /saːm˥˦/ sâm /sam˧˧/ sáng /saŋ˥˦/ sâm /sam˦˦/ sâm /sam˦˦/ sam1 /sam˨˦/ san⁴⁴ /san˦˦/
si²² /si˨˨/ /si˥˧/ /si˧˧/ /sɿ˥˧/ si /si˥˥/ si4 /si˥˥/ si²⁴ /sɿ˨˦/
ng²¹ /ŋ̍˨˩/ ńg /ŋ̍˧˩/ 白讀ngǚ /ŋy˨˦/文讀ngǔ /ŋu˨˦/ ńg /ŋ̍˧˩/ ńg /ŋ̩˧˩/ ng3 /ŋ̩˧˩/ wu⁵³ /u˥˧/
lok²² /lok̚˨˨/ liu̍k /liuk̚˥/ 白讀lü̆ /ly˨˦/文讀liŭ /liu˨˦/ liu̍k /liuk̚˥/ liuk /liuk̚˥/ liug6 /liuk̚˥/ lou³¹ /lou˧˩/
chat⁵ /tsʰɐt̚˥/ chhit /tsʰit̚˩/ chĭ /tsʰi˨˦/ chhit /tsʰit̚˩/ chhit /tsʰit̚˨/ cid5 /tsʰit̚˨/ ci³¹ /tsʰi˧˩/
pat⁵ /pat̚˥/ pat /pat̚˩/ păi /paiʔ˨˦/ pat /pat̚˩/ pat /pat̚˨/ bad5 /pat̚˨/ ba³¹ /pa˧˩/
kau³⁵ /kɐu˧˥/ kiú /kiu˧˩/ giǔ /kiu˧˩/ kiú /kiu˧˩/ kiú /kiu˧˩/ giu3 /kiu˧˩/ jiu⁵³ /tɕiou˥˧/
sap²² /sɐp̚˨˨/ si̍p /sip̚˥/ sĭp /siʔ˨˦/ sṳ̍p /sɨp̚˥/ sṳ̍p /sɨp̚˥/ siib6 /sɨp̚˥/ si³¹ /sɿ˧˩/
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